1. The Reformation

2. Agenda
Bell Ringer: How does the Black Death and the Printing Press lead to changes in Religion?
Lecture: Luther, Calvin, and the Protestant Reformation.
Document Analysis: 95 Theses
Compare and Contrast Luther and Calvin
Cause and Effects of Martin Luther
Review and Testing Guidelines, you will receive a copy on Thursday.

3. Overview: Reformation
Martin Luther believed he had the one true vision of the church and attempted to correct all other Christians.
In the end he further subdivided the church.

4. 1. The Sale of Indulgences
In the Catholic faith, indulgences reduce penalties due for sins.
Tetzel, a Dominican Friar claimed that indulgences would automatically remove guilt and the penalty.
Luther claims that indulgences are wrong.
Painting by Carracci

5. 2. 95 Theses He forbid the sale of indulgences.
Luther felt indulgences created a middle person that interfered with God.
Indulgences cannot get you out of purgatory, only God can.
The focus needed to be on God, not the Pope or Priests.

6. 3. Pope Leo X He was not in a hurry to deal with Luther. “Just a monk”
He ordered a reply to the theses, but Luther increased his attack on the Papacy.
1520, Luther is excommunicated.

7. 4. Diet of Worms
1521, Luther is granted a hearing to recant his theses.
He refused, claiming that Scripture was the only source for him.
Then he begins the Lutheran Church.

8. 5. Calvinism Men and women are sinful by nature. Predestination
He already has a plan
Very strict…
No card games, no dancing, no bright clothing, no sleeping in church, no art, no theater…