1. SOCI 2160 Day 10 April 12, 2011

2. Agenda Film – newborn assessment (The Child – Part 1)
Film – Birth of a Brain
Infancy and toddler development

3. A NEURON

4. Myelin Sheath Insulation on axon to improve speed of transmission.
Also insulates axon from activity of other neurons.

6. Film: The Child

7. Reflexes
Survival reflexes
Breathing
Sucking
Rooting
Swallowing

8. Other Reflexes
Startle or Moro
Babinski
Walking (stepping)
Swimming

9. http://videos. howstuffworks

10. Motor Skills
Gross Motor Skills large body movements such as running, climbing, jumping and throwing
Earliest and easiest to be mastered

11. Fine Motor Skills are smaller body movements such as drawing, buttoning, coloring, tying shoes, using tools, etc..
require some maturation nervous system of to develop

12. Types of Play* Sensorimotor Play Parallel Play Rough and Tumble Play
Play Face
Mastery Play
Dramatic Play * not a complete list; categories are not mutually exclusive

13. First clearly delineated “stage theory”
Sigmund Freud
First clearly delineated “stage theory”
Human development proceeds in orderly stages; one stage must be reached before the next stage can happen
Controversial
Failure to attain success is called fixation.

14. Psychosexual Stages
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital

15. Oral Stage Focus on the the mouth from birth to 1 year
feeding, sucking, babbling, blowing bubbles, etc.
from birth to 1 year
fixation = oral-aggressive or oral-receptive

16. Anal Stage Focus on the anal sphincter muscles
Toilet-training:freedom and control issues: own body, parents
fixation = anal-retentive and anal-expulsive

17. Phallic Stage Centered on the genitals, especially the penis.
Awareness of sex and gender differences
Identification with and role-play of same sex parent

18. Phallic Stage
Fixation = Oedipus complex in boys and Electra complex in girls
castration anxiety for males
penis envy in females

19. Latency and Genital Stage
Most challenging development happens on oral, anal and phallic stages
latency - repressed sexuality due to unconscious guilt
Genital stage - adolescence renewed interest in genital stimulation; adult sexuality

20. Assignment Finish stages of development– Erikson, Piaget
Cognitive development – language development
Take home tests will be distributed on Thursday.