1. Warm Up – 9/5
Chi K’ang Tzu asked Confucius about government, saying, “What do you think of killing the wicked and associating with the good?” Confucius replied, “In your government what is the need of killing? If you desire what is good, the people will be good. The character of a ruler is like the wind and that of the people is like the grass. In whatever direction the wind blows, the grass always bends.” A) Briefly explain how this quote reflects Confucius’ ideas on government. B) Explain how Han Feizi would dispute this quote. C) Using specific examples from either the Qin OR Han dynasty explain how the ideas of Confucius OR Han Feizi were applied to Chinese government.

2. Chandragupta: 321 BCE-298 BCE
Unified northern India Aryan kingdoms
Divided his empire into provinces, then districts for tax assessments and law enforcement.
He feared assassination [like Saddam Hussein]  food tasters, slept in different rooms, etc.
301 BCE  gave up his throne & became a Jain.

3. The Maurya Empire
321 BCE – 185 BCE

4. Ashoka (304 – 232 BCE)
Converted to Buddhism after the gruesome battle of Kalinga in BCE.
Preached nonviolence and moderation
Built extensive roads.
Conflict  how to balance keeping power and Buddha’s demands to become a selfless person?

5. Asoka’s Empire

6. Asoka’s law code
Rock and Pillar Edicts scattered in more than 30 place in India, Nepal, Pakistan, & Afghanistan.
Written mostly in Sanskrit, but one was in Greek and Aramaic.
Reminded Mauryans to live generous and righteous lives
Helped spread Buddhism beyond India

7. One of Asoka’sStupas

8. Women Under an Asoka tree

9. Turmoil & a power Vacuum: 220 BCE – 320 CE
Tamils
The Maurya Empire is divided into many kingdoms.

10. Gupta Empire: 320 CE – 647 CE

11. Gupta Rulers Chandra Gupta I Chandra Gupta II Hindu revival.
r. 320 – 335 CE
“Great King of Kings”
Chandra Gupta II
r CE
Profitable trade with the Mediterranean world!
Hindu revival.
Huns invade – 450 CE

12. The Gupta Empire More centralized and smaller than Mauryan
Peaceful and advances in arts and science
Pi, zero, decimal systems
Firm Hindu caste system
Woman lost the right to own property, do rituals and study religion
Child marriage

13. Chandra Gupta 11

14. International Trade Routes during the Guptas

15. Extensive Trade: 4c spices silks cotton goods rice & wheat spices
horses
gold & ivory
gold & ivory
cotton goods

16. Greatly influenced Southeast Asian art & architecture.
Gupta Art
Greatly influenced Southeast Asian art & architecture.

17. 500 healing plants identified Printed medicinal guides
Gupta Achievements
1000 diseases classified
500 healing plants identified
Printed medicinal guides
Kalidasa
Literature
Plastic Surgery
Medicine
Inoculations
Gupta India
C-sections performed
Solar Calendar
Astronomy
Mathematics
Decimal System
The earth is round
PI =
Concept of Zero

18. The Decline of the Guptas
Invasion of the White Huns in the 400s signaled the end of the Gupta Golden Age.
Not enough taxes for defense
Land divisions increased power of provincial officials