1. Haydn’s “Emperor” Quartet

2. The Kaiser’s Hymn
While in London, Haydn heard the British national anthem “God Save the King” and wished that Austria had such a song that could rally the people around their emperor.
In 1795, Haydn wrote the music to “The Kaiser’s Hymn” and a poet write the words.
As Napoleon was beginning his invasion of Austria, it caught on and inspired patriotism against the French.
Haydn always considered it his favorite song and played it daily in his last few years before he died.
Haydn also used the tune in one of his string quartets, and the song went on to become the German national anthem and a Christian hymn.

3. Original Score

4. String Quartets Made up of 2 violins, a viola, and a cello.
String quartets are like “a conversation between 4 intelligent people.”
String quartets always have 4 movements, each with a specific form.
“Emperor Quartet” movements:
I. Allegro (Sonata-Allegro form)
II. Poco adagio; cantabile (Theme & Variation form)
III. Menuetto. Allegro (Minuet & Trio form)
IV. Finale. Presto (Sonata-Allegro form)

5. Classical Forms: Theme & Variation
First the plain “theme” is played. Then, it is repeated a number of times in different ways.
The melody can be embellished or passed around to other instruments, and the accompaniment can be changed, but it always stays in the same key (can switch to major-minor)
“Emperor” Quartet, mvt 2:
Analysis: Describe how the theme is changed in each of the 4 variations.

6. Musical Forms
Musical Forms: The structure or template used to create a musical movement.
Strophic Form (eg. “Star-Spangled Banner”)
Verse-Chorus Form (eg. “This Land is Your Land”)

7. Classical Forms: Minuet & Trio
Standard form for 3rd movements. Always in ¾, moderato. Larger ABA form (minuet-trio-minuet), with each smaller section also having ABA form (with some repeats)
“Surprise” Symphony, mvt 3: