1. PERIODS
GROUPS

2. 1 18 2 3
periods

3. NAME THAT ELEMENT… What is the second element in period 6?
What is the second element in group 7A?
What element is in period 4, group 5A?
What element is in period 2, group 8A?

4. METALS vs NONMETALS vs 
METALLOIDS

5. Metals All metals are to the left of the bold staircase
PROPERTIES OF METALS:
All metals are solids at room temperature
They are lustrous (shiny)
They are malleable and ductile
They are good conductors of heat and 
electricity
Hg 
(mercury)

6. Nonmetals Non-metals are to the right of the staircase.
Sulfur
Nonmetals
Chlorine 
gas
Non-metals are to the right of the staircase.
Nonmetals: generally nonlustrous, poor 
conductors of electricity
Some gases (O, N, Cl); some are brittle solids (S); 
one is a fuming dark red liquid (Br)

7. Metalloids
Found right along the staircase (except for 
Aluminum…it’s a metal)
Have properties in-between metals and nonmetals
Are “semi-conductors” (conduct a little bit)
silicon

9. GROUP 1: ALKALI METALS All are reactive metals
why "alkali"?
**Hydrogen is NOT a metal, 
but is put in this group 
because it has only 1 
electron

10. GROUP 2: ALKALINE EARTH METALS
Are all reactive metals, mainly found in the 
earth’s crust

11. GROUP 17 (7A): HALOGENS Nonmetals next to noble gases
why "halogen"??
Fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a 
liquid and iodine is a brittle solid

12. GROUP 18 (8A): NOBLE GASES!!
Right side of the periodic table (on 
the end)
All are gases at room temperature
CHEMICALLY UNREACTIVE
(Yet all other elements strive 
to be like them..)

13. Which element? Period 6 halogen? Period 3 alkaline earth metal?
Lightest (first) metal?
Third heaviest alkali metal?

14. VALENCE ELECTRONS:
THE ELECTRONS IN THE 
OUTERMOST RING (SHELL)
*DETERMINES WHAT KIND OF 
ION WILL BE FORMED
*THE ELECTRONS INVOLVED 
IN BONDING

17. PREDICTION:
Draw the Bohr Rutherford Diagram for : 40 Ca

18. Which element? Fills the 5th ring?
Puts two valence electrons in the 6th ring?
Half-fills the 2nd ring?
Puts 5 valence electrons in the 4th ring ?