1. Chapter 4: Verbal and Nonverbal Messages

2. Verbal Messages Clarity and Ambiguity
Use unequivocal terms to avoid misunderstandings
Equivocal terms
Differing interpretations
Differing cultural values

3. Verbal Messages Clarity and Ambiguity Use lower-level abstractions
Low-level abstractions
High-level abstractions
Relative words

4. Verbal Messages Clarity and Ambiguity Use slang with caution
Use jargon judiciously
To save time
To add credibility
Avoid business buzzwords

5. Verbal Messages Clarity and Ambiguity Use strategic ambiguity
To promote harmony
To soften difficult messages
To make a point indirectly

6. Verbal Messages Clarity and Ambiguity
Choose optimum degree of powerful language
Types of less powerful language

7. Verbal Messages Inflammatory Language Avoid biased language
Beware of trigger words

8. Verbal Messages Masculine & Feminine Language Use Feminine speech
Rapport talk
Expressive tool
Supportive
Tentative

9. Verbal Messages Masculine & Feminine Language Use Masculine speech
Report talk
Instrumental tool
Advice
Assertive
Dominant

10. Verbal Messages Meeting Gender-Related Language Challenges
Be aware of different styles
Switch styles
Combine styles

11. Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal Characteristics
Always has communicative value
Is powerful
Is ambiguous