1. Kiran zafar B-Ed (hons) 3rd Roll 17
Assignment of – Instructional And Communication Technology
Submitted to –Sir Iftikhar Babur
Government College For Elementary Teachers Kot Lakhpat Lahore

2. History of Instructional and Communicational Technology
The term instructional technology has meant and continue to different things to different people. Some people describe instructional technology is a process

3. Audiovisual devices, individualized instruction and system approach have helped to makes the history of instructional technology.
Audio visual devices:
Any piece of equipment with associated materials, that controls electronic means. The audiovisual movement took its start in 1600s with the walk of J.JONAN COMENIUS.
In 1650s Comenius wrote one of the first illustrated textbook
(Orbius Sensualium Pictus).
In early 1800s the field of education was great influenced by Johnan Pestalozzi.
In 1900s school museum came into existence.
The motion picture projector was one of the early audiovisual device.
During the 1920s and 1930sa number of books on topic of visual instruction were written.
During 1950s there was a tremendous interest in television as medium for delivering instructions.

4. System Approach:
In 1968 Banathy define as; It is a self correcting , logical process for the planning development and implementation of instructions.
In 1950s Benjamin Bloom and his colleagues published Texonomy of educational objectives.
In 1960s Gagne indicated that instruction should be designed so as to ensure that the learners acquire subordinate skills before they attempt to acquire superordinate ones.
During this period, another important factor in the development of the system approach was emergence referenced tests.
Such as, system development, instructional system and system approach began to be used.

5. Individualized instruction:
According to Dunn 1984s one of the primary concepts of the systems approach to education is that of gearing instructions to the individual students.
History:
first use of instructional technology cannot be attributed to specific person.
Many histories of instructional technology starts in early 1900s while other go back in the1600s.
According to John Comenius, who proposed that we learn through our senses and therefore real objects and illustration should be used to supplement oral and written instruction.
In 1934s Tylor wrote about behavioral objective movements.

6. During world war 2 ( ) much of foundation of the field of instructional technology design was laid when the US military faced the need to rapidly train large numbers of people to perform complex technical tasks. In the 1960s Psychologist jean piaget studied the cognitive development of children.
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