1. Rock Notes
Granite is a very common rock that can be found in many places around the world
All minerals are not equal in their ability to resist weathering
Texture describes the appearance of rocks. The size of crystals depends on how fast the rock cooled. Larger crystals result from slow cooling deep in the crust. Small crystals and fine grained rocks form when rocks cool quickly, at or near the earth’s surface. Rocks containing holes form on the surface of the earth as gas escapes the cooling lava. Glassy rocks cool so quickly that no crystals have a chance to form.

2. Rock Notes Weathering is the breakdown of earth materials.
Erosion is the transport of earth materials.
Like halite, the sedimentary rock limestone is somewhat soluble in groundwater.
Lithification is the process that turns sediments into solid rock.
Lime ooze is material that collects on the sea floor.

3. Geologic Time – Rock Cycle Time
Time = Distance ÷ Rate
Rate of Sedimentation = Thickness ÷ Time
Rate of Erosion = Depth ÷ Time
Fingernails grow about 10 cm per year.
Use for the 4 word problems

4. Rock Notes
Glaciers deposit their sediments so that the grains are not sorted by size.
Forces in the crust of the earth can sometimes turn sedimentary layers completely upside down.
James Hutton, the Father of Geology, said that the present is the key to the past.
The rock cycle can be thought of as a recycler of earth materials.

5. Metamorphism Metamorphism means changed form.
Heat and/or pressure cause metamorphism.
Metamorphism usually occurs underground.
Crystals are often created during the process of metamorphism.
Limestone is made of the mineral calcite, which fizzes in dilute hydrochloric acid. Marble is metamorphosed limestone.
Sometimes the ghosts of the sediments can be seen in the metamorphic rock quartzite.
Crystals can grow and rearrange themselves during metamorphism.
Fossils don’t usually survive metamorphism.