1. CVE 5074 Leading Construction Operations
Organizational Leadership
Part III – Directing & Delegating

2. Organizational Leadership
1. Motivation of individuals
2. Shaping the organization
3. Directing/delegating tasks
4. Responding to employees
5. Representing the organization

3. Student Presentations Today..
On Becoming a Leader
Abhinav Bhosle
The One Minute Manager
Rui Cao
Next Class...
You Don’t Understand – Abeer Khazaly & Anfal Hathah
You Don’t Understand – Charles Sedor

4. Communication Networks
Formal lines of
communication
reach all workers
Informal
Communications
Top Manager
Middle Manager
Middle Manager
First-Line Manager
First-Line Manager
First-Line Manager
First-Line Manager
Work
Group
Work
Group
Work
Group
Work
Group
Work
Group
Work
Group
Work
Group
Work
Group

5. System of Coordination
1. Channels of communication must be known
2. Channels reach every member of the company
3. Channels are as short & direct as possible
4. All channels are utilized all the time
5. Persons issuing orders are competent
6. Channels are not interrupted
7. Communications are authenticated as valid

6. Communications (the environment of speech)
Filters
Culture
Personality
Perception
Attitudes
Emotions
A,A,A,A!!----
Message ----
??????
Personal Goals
Skill level
Format
Environment
Your delivery
Receiver
Decoder
Source
Encoder
Feedback

7. Communications (verbal & non-verbal speech)
Verbal: Words, Gestures, Voice = 30%
Non-verbal: Face, Eyes, Expression = 70%
Receiver
Decoder
Source
Encoder

8. Directing & Delegating
Essential for action...
Transmits authority to subordinates
Must tailor to task and subordinates
Releases the total capacity of the organization
Enables employee motivation

9. Functions of Directives
Orientation of Employees & Superiors
Issuing Orders or Instructions
Assigning work to subordinates

10. Orientation (frequently overlooked)
New employees need guidance
Increased sense of team
Continuing information flow
Get feedback
Mentor & modify leadership style

11. Directives Directives initiate & control all actions Must be
Authoritative
Properly communicated
Forms: oral, written, silent, regulations,
standards, policies

12. Process of Directing Begin planning Inspect the site or location
Complete the plan
Issue the order
Supervise

13. Military Order Format Situation – what’s the problem?
Mission – what’s the expected outcome?
Execution – what’s the plan?
Admin & Logistics – where’s the chow (beer)?
Command & Signal – whose in charge?

14. Simplified Format – 6 W’s
Who – should do it
What – needs to be done
When – it needs to be completed
Where – will it be done
Why – establishes importance
Wow – what does success look like

15. Summary on Directives 1. Directive must be understandable
2. Consistent with the organizational purpose
3. Consistent with employee's personal goals
4. Mentally and physically able to comply
5. Come from an authoritative source

16. Delegation
Assign responsibility and authority to someone in order to complete a clearly defined and agreed upon task.
The person delegating the task retains ultimate responsibility.
Army saying “You can delegate authority, but you cannot delegate responsibility.”
Usually implies delegation to a subordinate but could be outside of your organization (example subcontract)

17. Why Delegate? Improve efficiency Develop other team members
Empower other team members

18. Why do leaders resist delegation????
Class discussion….

19. Why leaders resist delegation
Personality type
Personal satisfaction
No time
Desire for perfection
Lack of confidence
Fear of failure

20. Degrees of Delegation (least to most)
Boss decides – employee executes
Employee recommends – boss decides
Employee recommends – joint decision
Employee decides – info boss before acting
Employee decides – info boss on outcome only

21. Choosing the Appropriate Style…
Joint Decision
Recommendation
High
Relationship
Participating
Selling
Employee Decides
Delegating
Telling
Low
Relationship
Boss decides
Low
Task
High
Task
Able
willing, secure
Able but
insecure
Willing but
unable
Unable, unwilling
insecure
Follower’s capabilities

22. Keys to Delegation Decide what tasks to delegate
Delegate to lowest feasibile level
Select employees according to task
Assign appropriate authority
Convey clear expectations
Monitor progress / supervise

23. Decide What to Delegate
Break task into separate activities (WBS)
Prioritize activities
Consider employee development/experience
Decide which tasks to retain
Consider your own expertise
Consider your time
Consider importance of the task
Consider relation to success or vision

24. Select Employees Seek optimal skills
Consider level of interest or motivation
Consider employees time available
Evaluate level of effort required
Evaluate leadership & maturity
Select the best person(s) for each task

25. Assign Appropriate Authority
Create an organization chart
Define the boundaries of each function
Clarify where approval is required
Inform all employees
Don’t micromanage!!

26. Convey Clear Expectations
Write a clear statement of purpose
Ensure that employee understands task
Clarify staffing & resources
Define allowable decisions
Define reporting requirements

27. Monitor Progress Ask employees to write action plans
Develop due dates & reports
Schedule regular meetings
Clarify how to deal with problems
Observe performance
Plan to coach employees
But don’t micromanage!!!
Get Feedback

28. Organizational Leadership
1. Motivation of individuals
2. Shaping the organization
3. Directing/delegating tasks
4. Responding to employees
5. Representing the organization