1. PRESENT TENSES

2. Present tenses There are four present tenses in English:
Present simple
Present continuous
Present perfect simple
Present perfect continuous
Preguntar a los alumnos qué tiempos hay, antes de mostrarlos.

3. Present simple: form Positive: I/You/ We/They live She/He/It lives
Negative:
I/You/ We/They don’t live
She/He/It doesn’t live
Interrogative:
Do you/I/we/they live? Yes, I do. / No, they don’t.
Does she/he/it live? Yes, she does. / No, it doesn’t.
Preguntarle a los alumnos, antes de mostrar los ejemplos, cómo se forman las formas positiva, negativa e interrogativa.

4. Present simple: uses 1. Habits: I go for a walk every afternoon.
2. Things that are always true:
Water boils when you heat it.
3. Things that are true for a long time:
My father works as a shop assistant.
1. Habits: talk about adverbs of frequency: always, never, sometimes, every week, on Mondays, twice a year…

5. Present continuous: form
Positive:
I am working
You/ We/They are working
She/He/It is working
Preguntarle a los alumnos, antes de mostrar los ejemplos, cómo se forma la forma positiva.

6. Present continuous: form
Negative:
I’m not working
You/ We/They aren’t working
She/He/It isn’t working
Preguntarle a los alumnos, antes de mostrar los ejemplos, cómo se forma la forma negativa.

7. Present continuous: form
Interrogative:
Am I working?
Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
Are you/we/they working?
Yes, we are. / No, they aren’t.
Is she/he/it working?
Yes, she is. / No, he isn’t.
Preguntarle a los alumnos, antes de mostrar los ejemplos, cómo se forman la forma interrogativa.

8. Present continuous: uses
1. Activities happening (around) now:
I’m writing my doctoral thesis.
2. Future personal plans:
We’re getting married in October.

9. Present perfect simple: form
Positive:
I/You/ We/They have lived
She/He/It has lived
Preguntarle a los alumnos, antes de mostrar los ejemplos, cómo se forma la forma positiva.

10. Present perfect simple: form
Negative:
I/You/ We/They haven’t lived
She/He/It hasn’t lived
Preguntarle a los alumnos, antes de mostrar los ejemplos, cómo se forma la forma negativa.

11. Present perfect simple: form
Interrogative:
Have you/I/we/they lived?
Yes, I have. / No, you haven’t.
Has she/he/it lived?
Yes, she has. / No, it hasn’t.
Preguntarle a los alumnos, antes de mostrar los ejemplos, cómo se forma la forma interrogativa.

12. Present perfect simple: uses
1. Unfinished activities that began in the past and continue up to the present:
I’ve lived here for five years.
2. Finished activities that occurred in the past but which have a result at present:
I’ve just been to the shops.
3. Indefinite past experiences:
I’ve been to La Gomera.
Unfinished activities: mention “for” (period): for a week; and “since” (point at which a time period begins): since Friday.
Finished activities: “just” (+, a short time ago); “already” (+) , “yet” (-, ?).
Indefinite past experiences: “never” (+), “before” (-, ?), “ever” (?).

13. Present perfect continuous: form
Positive:
I/You/ We/They have been living
She/He/It has been living
Preguntarle a los alumnos, antes de mostrar los ejemplos, cómo se forma la forma positiva.

14. Present perfect continuous: form
Negative:
I/You/ We/They haven’t been living
She/He/It hasn’t been living
Preguntarle a los alumnos, antes de mostrar los ejemplos, cómo se forma la forma negativa.

15. Present perfect continuous: form
Interrogative:
Have you/I/we/they been living?
Yes, I have. / No, you haven’t.
Has she/he/it been living?
Yes, she has. / No, he hasn’t.
Preguntarle a los alumnos, antes de mostrar los ejemplos, cómo se forma la forma interrogativa.

16. Present perfect continuous: form
1. Unfinished activities that began in the past and continue up to the present:
I’ve been living here for five years.
2. Finished activities that occurred in the past but which have a result at present:
I’ve been shopping.
Unfinished activities: mention “for” (period): for a week; and “since” (point at which a time period begins): since Friday.
Finished activities: “just” (+, a short time ago); “already” (+) , “yet” (-, ?).

17. Present perfect simple or continuous?
We can use both tenses for unfinished and finished activities that have a connection with the present moment.
But we prefer the present perfect simple:
To emphasize the activity is finished:
I’ve read that book.
When we mention the number of things/times we have done something:
I’ve taken ten photos.
With stative verbs: be, have, understand, love, see…
I’ve had my car for years.

18. Present perfect simple or continuous?
We prefer the present perfect continuous:
To emphasize the activity is not finished:
I’ve been studying English for two years.
To emphasize the activity is long/repeated:
She’s been trying to pass her driving test for years.
To emphasize the activity is temporary: He’s been working in a bar this summer. (But then he’s going to university)

19. Created by: Carmen Luisa Pérez Amaro
PRESENT TENSES
Created by:
Carmen Luisa Pérez Amaro