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Politics of the Roaring Twenties

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1 Politics of the Roaring Twenties
Chapter 12

2 Post-War America Giant wave of nativism returns
Keep America for Americans Disillusioned by the war Go back to isolationism Post-War America

3 The Red Scare 1919 prices went up 77%, in 1920 28 more.
Workers want higher wages. 1919 3,600 strikes occur!

4 Red Scare cont’d Biggest strikes: Boston Police Force
Steel Industry (69 hr. weeks) Coal Miners

5 Police Strike

6 Calvin Coolidge

7 Red Scare Cont’d People began fearing Communism.
Bolsheviks were predicting downfall of capitalism Felt strikes were first step toward communism.

8 Reaction Terrorist incidents frighten people more in 1919.
A. Mitchell Palmer, orders arrest of 5,000 suspected Communists (political radicals) in 33 cities.

9 Palmer Raids Many civil rights violations. ACLU formed in opposition
Arrests w/o warrants, denied lawyers. ACLU formed in opposition 200,000 people were watching out for communists. No communist plots ever found.

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11 Jane Addams

12 Upton Sinclair

13 Raids cont’d Justice Department seized only 5 guns from the 5,000 they arrested.

14 Sacco & Vanzetti Case

15 Sacco & Vanzetti Accused of murdering a paymaster and guard in holdup.
Accused for sole purpose of being anarchists, and Italians Evidence was ridiculously flimsy.

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18 Cont’d Both had alibis Judge: Guilty by association
Given the death sentence. Appealed for 7 years, executed August 23, 1927.

19 Sacco & Vanzetti

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21 Judge Webster Thayer

22 Immigration Cuts Attempt to keep foreigners out
Established a quota system Discriminated against eastern and southern Europe

23 The Return of the KKK Membership up to 2 million in 1925.
March in Washington D.C. “Keep the Negro in his place.”

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25 Harding as President

26 Harding Newspaper man and Senator “He looked like a President.”

27 Warren G. Harding

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30 As President Laissez Faire, what the people wanted.
Taxes cut & Gov’t spending way down.

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32 Cont’d Huge surplus used to pay down the massive debt.
Laws passed to help business Eliminates taxes on businesses from the war. Raises the tariff (Fordney-McCumber Tariff)

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34 Scandals Brought the Ohio Gang with him to Washington.
Most were unqualified/ corrupt Charles Forbes swindled $200 million from the country Scandals

35 Gang had been selling pardons etc…
One advisor commits suicide Harding was devastated, takes vacation. Dies in S.F. 8/2/23

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38 Tea Pot Dome Attorney General Harry Daugherty forced to resign.
Leased government land for kickbacks. Other officials implicated Trials went to 1930

39 Teapot Dome Scandal

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43 Coolidge Very quiet and dry. Never looked happy
A man of great integrity Became a national hero

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45 As President Takes oath of office from father.
Remained untouched by all of the scandals of the time.

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47 Own Term Refused to comment on controversial issues
Little contact with Congress “The Business of America is Business”

48 Cont’d Continued to reduce national debt
Country was in a huge business boom Radios, washing machines, and especially automobiles

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50 Boom Car prices down Steel, rubber, and glass industries became huge
White collar jobs expanded=education

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55 Credit Americans began buying on credit
Debt rising 2 ½ times faster than income! Getting way over their heads.


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