1. Genetics and Heredity
Pages

2. Heredity Heredity- the passing of traits from parent to offspring
Genetics- the study of how traits are inherited.

3. The Father of Genetics
Gregor Mendel – Monk who studied pea plants. (AKA- Father of Genetics)
Mendel was the 1st to study how traits are passed down from one generation to another
Mendel was the 1st to use mathematic probability to determine traits.
Gregor Mendel Clip

4. Thomas Hunt Morgan Started being critical of Gregor Mendell
Studied the color of eyes in fruit flies
Tracked and predicted white eyed males.
Found a direct link between the sex of the fruit fly and the color of the eyes.
Males-Must be white eyed
Females-Can be either
White eyed was heterozygous
Ended proving Mendel RIGHT!

5. How are traits inherited?
Allele- form of a trait that a gene may have
When a pair of chromosomes separate during meiosis, alleles for each trait also separate into different sex cells.
Written in the form of letters—TT or Tt
Alleles Trait Gene DNA Chromosome

6. Type of Breeds
Hybrid- organism that receives different genetic information from each parent
Purebred- An organism that always produces the same traits.

7. Types of traits Dominate- trait that covers up other traits.
Upper case ----T, H, R, etc.
Recessive- trait that seems to disappear.
Lower case-----t, h, r, ect.

8. Types of Inheritance
Genotype- genetic make-up of an organism (embedded in the genes)
Letters represent each allele
Phenotype- the way an organism looks or behaves as a result of the genotype

9. Types of Alleles
Homozygous- an organism with 2 alleles that are the same
Ex. TT, RR, SS, etc.
Heterozygous- an organism with 2 different alleles
Ex. Tt, Rr, Ss, etc.

10. Punnett Square- table that uses probability to predict traits