1. Which do you think would have the greater mass and greater volume? Why?
1 kg of rock
1 kg of feathers

2. Matter is any substance which: Occupies space (i.e. has volume)
Has mass
Anything that doesn't matter has no mass????

3. Fireworks designers achieve their colorful, noisy displays through chemical changes in the substances that make up fireworks
= a change in matter when substances combine to form new substances
Indicators of a chemical change are light being produced, colour change, gas bubbles, temperature change, solids forming
Chemical Change

4. Change of State
Physical Change = when there is a change in appearance, but no new substance is formed Eg) icewater
The 3 different states are…
1) solid - definite shape and volume
2) liquid - definite volume, but its shape is determined by its surroundings
3) gas - no definite shape or volume, both are determined by its surroundings

5. The Particle Model of Matter
this model describes the behaviour of all matter
All matter is made up of tiny particles.
There are spaces between the particles. The amount of space between each particle is different for different states of matter.
The particles are always moving.
The particles are attracted to one another. The strength of attraction depends on the type of particle.

7. The Kinetic Molecular Theory
the Kinetic Molecular Theory is related to the Particle Model of Matter and helps explain changes of state
Kinetic Energy = energy of motion
Particles in a solid are so tightly packed that they cannot move freely around. They only vibrate.
Particles in a liquid are farther apart and can move around by sliding past one another.
Particles in a gas are very far apart and move around quickly.

9. Temperature and Change of State
when heat is added to a substance its particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate faster causing them to move farther apart
if enough heat is added then the substance will change state
if heat is removed, then the opposite effect will happen

10. Any property that you can observe directly with your senses is called a qualitative property E.g. States of matter, colour, size, malleability Any property of matter that you can measure or describe with a numerical value is called a quantitative property E.g. Temperature (Boiling & Melting Point), conductivity
Qualitative Properties & Quantitative Properties

11. pure substance Element Compound
Gold & Oxygen
Water, H2O (Oxygen and Hydrogen)
any material having constant composition; in other words, that has the same properties in any sample you choose and is homogeneous (the same) throughout.