1. Acids, Bases, and Salts (notes)
Properties of acids:
Sour taste (i.e. lemon)
Release hydrogen ion (H+) into water
Neutralize bases
Corrode active metals
Turn blue litmus paper to red

2. Properties of bases:
Bitter taste (i.e. soap)
Release hydroxide ion (OH-) into water
Neutralize acids
Denature protein, slippery feel (i.e. soap)
Turn red litmus paper to blue

3. What are acids?
Acid is an H+ ion and a non-metal. Example:
H+ and Cl- = HCl (Hydrochloric acid)
H+ and Br- = HBr (Hydrobromic acid)
H+ and S-2 = H2S (Hydrosulfuric acid)
H+ and O-2 = H2O (is this an acid?)
H+ and F- = HF (Hydrofluoric acid)
Non-metal
Non-metals are at the right side of the Periodic Table!

4. Acid can also be an H+ and a polyatomic ion. Example:
H+ and NO3- = HNO3 (Nitric acid)
H+ and SO4-2 = H2SO4 (Sulfuric acid)
H+ and CO3-2 = H2CO3 (Carbonic acid)
H+ and PO4-2 = H2PO4 (Phosphoric acid)
H+ and CH3COO- = CH3COOH (Acetic acid)

5. What are bases? Metals are at the left side of the Periodic Table!!!!
The base molecule is an OH- ion and a metal ion. Example:
Na+ and OH- = NaOH, (Sodium hydroxide)
Ca++ and OH- = Ca (OH)2, (Calcium hydroxide)
K and OH- = KOH, (Potassium hydroxide)
Mg++ and OH- = Mg(OH)2, (Magnesium hydroxide)
Al+++ and OH- = Al(OH)3, (Aluminum hydroxide)
Metals are at the left side of the Periodic Table!!!!

6. And finally… What are salts?
Salt is a compound of metal and non-metal ions. Example:
Na+ and Cl- = NaCl (Sodium chloride)
Li+ and Br- = LiBr (Lithium bromide)
Mg+2 and S-2 = MgS (Magnesium sulfide)
Ca+2 and O-2 = CaO (Calcium oxide)
Fe+3 and F- = FeF3 (Iron (III) fluoride)

7. Putting it all together...
and
Non-metal
acid is
base is
OH-
and
Metal
acid +
base
gives
H2O
and
Metal +
Non-metal
salt
water
acid +
base
gives
water
and
salt

8. Acid =
H+ and non-metal
Base =
OH- and metal
Salt =
metal and non-metal

9. If U R visual:
Metal+
salt
Non-Metal-
acid
base H+
OH-
water