1. Competency Goal 2: The learner will construct an understanding of forces and motion.
Objectives
2.01 Measure and mathematically/graphically analyze motion:
Frame of reference (all motion is relative - there is no motionless frame).
Uniform motion.
Acceleration.
2.02 Investigate and analyze forces as interactions that can change motion:
In the absence of a force, an object in motion will remain in motion or an object at rest will remain at rest until acted on by an unbalanced force.
Change in motion of an object (acceleration) is directly proportional to the unbalanced outside force and inversely proportional to the mass.
Whenever one object exerts a force on another, an equal and opposite force is exerted by the second on the first.

2. Line graph Types of Graphs ______________
Used to show trends or change
Slope = rise/run

3. Bar graph
______________- Used to compare one thing to another

4. ______________ – used to compare one thing to the whole
Circle graph

5. Review of Motion and Forces

6. Velocity
v = d / t or velocity = distance / time Velocity is the slope on a distance vs. time graph So this graph has a constant slope (constant velocity)
When you see this graph on the EOC, immediately label the slope as velocity

7. Average velocity = total distance / total time Remember, velocity is a vector quantity, so it has a ______________ and _______________.
magnitude
direction

8. Acceleration positive negative
Acceleration – rate of change of velocity
a = ∆v / ∆ t = ( vf – vi ) / t
If velocity is increasing, acceleration is ____________
If velocity is decreasing, acceleration is ____________
positive
negative

9. Acceleration is the slope of a ____________ vs _________ graph
velocity
time
When you see this graph on the EOC, immediately label the slope as the acceleration

10. m / s2 or m / s / s Remember… They are the same thing!
You can see the units for acceleration as:
m / s or m / s / s
They are the same thing!

11. What’s happening on these graphs?

12. Be prepared to answer questions about parts of a graph!!!
What is the average speed of the object from time = 0 s to time = 8 s?

13. Force
Force – a push or a pull that may cause an object’s motion to change
Unit of force is the _______________
Forces can be balanced or unbalanced
Newton (N)

14. balanced unbalanced net force
Forces that are equal in magnitude, but opposite in direction are_______________
Forces that are not equal in magnitude and opposite in direction are ____________
The sum of all forces on an object is the ______________
balanced
unbalanced
net force

15. Newton’s Laws of Motion
Inertia
Newton’s 1st Law – The Law of ___________
-An object at rest _______________ and an object in motion _______________ until acted on by some unbalanced force.
stays at rest
stays in motion

16. resist opposes Inertia – tendecy of an object to ___________ change
Friction - a force that __________ motion
opposes

17. g = acceleration due to gravity
Newton’s 2nd Law
F = m x a
When we are dealing with gravity, what takes the place of “a”?
g = 9.8 m / s /s
g = acceleration
due to gravity

18. Weight newtons decreases
Weight is a forces, so the units are ___________. As you get farther from the earth, your weight _____________. Weight = Fg = m x g
newtons
decreases

19. Newton’s 3rd Law reaction
For every action force, there is an equal and opposite ________________ force.
reaction