1. Types of Chemical Reactions
5 Categories
Formation
Decomposition
Combustion
Single Replacement
Double Replacement

2. Formation Reactions (synthesis)
2 elements combine to form a compound
X + Y = XY
i.e. Na(s) + Cl2(g)  NaCl(s)
Pg. 104, Fig Fig. 3.16

3. Decomposition Reactions
one compound breaks down into two or more simpler compounds or elements (opposite of formation reactions)
XY  X + Y
2 H2O(l)  2H2(g) + O2(g) (electrolysis of H2O)

4. Decomposition of Ammonium Nitrate
NH4NO3(s)  N2O(g) + 2H2O(g)

7. Hydrocarbon Combustion
A hydrocarbon (CnHn) (i.e. oil, fuel, natural gas) reacts with oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide gas and water vapor and heat.
i.e. CH4(g) + O2(g)  CO2(g) + H2O(g) + thermal energy

8. Complete Combustion
Complete combustion: plenty of O2(g) – all hydrocarbons burned to CO2(g) and H2O(g)

9. Incomplete Combustion: not enough O2(g) for complete combustion
• products are CO2(g) + H2O(g) + carbon soot + CO(g)
• carbon monoxide – colorless, odorless, highly toxic gas
• CO(g)bonds 200x more strongly than O2(g) to hemoglobin, can be fatal (suffocation)
• So NEVER operate fuel-burning apparatus without proper ventilation

10. Assignment
Find the formation, decomposition and combustion reactions on the front page of your notes (there are 6)
Complete all the practice problems on this handout.