1. Volume 44, Issue 1, Pages 132-138 (July 2003)
Laparoscopic Radical Cystoprostatectomy: A Technique Illustrated Step by Step 
Alchiede Simonato, Andrea Gregori, Andrea Lissiani, Andrea Bozzola, Stefano Galli, Franco Gaboardi 
European Urology 
Volume 44, Issue 1, Pages (July 2003)
DOI: /S (03)

2. Fig. 1
Five-port “fan-shaped” placement. The 30° laparoscope is inserted through the 10mm. umbilical port. The figure also shows the 5cm. supraumbilical incision (arrowhead) used both for the extraction of the specimen and for the external reconstruction time when an orthotopic resevoir is applied.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /S (03) )

3. Fig. 2
Aspect of the pelvis and lines of incision. Dotted line: first incision of the peritoneum at the level of the deep inguinal ring down to the second peritoneal arch at the inferiorposterior aspect of the bladder. Interrupted line: laterally to the umbilical arteries, the incision is prolonged bilaterally both upward to the umbilicus and downward to the deep iliac arteries.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /S (03) )

4. Fig. 3
The left vasa deferent (LVD) is first isolated and transected at its emerging from the deep inguinal ring. Then, following downward the umbilical artery (UA) to its origin, the left ureter (LU) is detected just medially to it in close contact to the deep iliac artery. At this time with a careful blunt dissection, the superior vesical artery (SVA) and the inferior vesical artery (IVA) are also found and isolated.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /S (03) )

5. Fig. 4
While the suction device pulls up the vesico-prostatic complex, the vesico-prostatic pedicles are dissected by the use of a harmonic scalpel. The picture illustrates that at this moment the vesico-prostatic complex is fixed to the pelvis by just the urethra anteriorly and the pedicles laterally and no other vascular structures are present in between. Also shown are the umbilical arteries that had been transected at their proximal and distal ends and lie upon the bladder covered by a flap of peritoneum.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /S (03) )

6. Fig. 5
Schematic rappresentation of the arterial supply of the bladder: SVA = superior vesical artery that arises from the proximal portion of the umbilical artery and gives branches to the antero-lateral wall of the bladder and to the seminal vesicles; IVA = inferior vesical artery which supplies the lower part of the ureter, the bladder base and seminal vesicles; VPA = vesico-prostatic artery which supplies both the prostate and the seminal vesicles; MRA = middle rectal artery which gives two anterior branches, an ascending branch to the bladder and a descending branch to the prostate; IPA = internal pudendal artery.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /S (03) )