1. Movement of Large Amounts of Material Downhill under Gravity
Mass-Wasting
Movement of Large Amounts of Material Downhill under Gravity

2. Soil Creep

3. Soil Creep, California

4. Colluvium, San Bernardino Mountains, California

5. Mystery or Soil Creep?

6. Four Years’ Mass-Wasting, Bosnia

7. Four Years’ Mass-Wasting, Bosnia
100*40/2 cm2 = 2000 cm2 (4 years)
= 500 cm2 /year
Removed from 1 km slope per year = 500 cm2 /100,000 cm = 1 cm/200 yr = 5000 cm (50 m)/m.y. = 50m /m.y.
A 1-m (100 cm) soil mantle yields 500 cm2 /year, so movement = 500 cm2 /year/100 cm = 5 cm/year

8. Mudflows, California

9. Urban Planning, San Diego

10. Avalanche Chute, Colorado

11. Landslide, Mount Saint Helens

12. Sherman Glacier, Alaska, March 27, 1964

13. Viaont, Italy, October 9, 1963
1800 people died.

14. Yungay, Peru, May 31, 1970

15. Yungay, Peru, May 31, 1970

16. Lituya Bay, Alaska, July 9, 1958

17. Lituya Bay, Before and After

18. The Scour Line

19. The Highest Wave Ever Recorded