1. Periodic Trends

2. Periodic Trends
Periodic trends are the tendencies of characteristics to increase or decrease along the periodic table
Ionization Energy
Electronegativity
Atomic Radius
Ionic Radius

3. Ions ion = atom with an unequal number of protons and electrons
Positively charged ion = cation
Negatively charged ion = anion
To create ions we add or remove electrons. We do not change the number of protons.

4. Ionization Energy
Ionization energy: the minimum amount of energy required to remove electrons.

6. Electronegativity
Electronegativity = the ability of an atom or molecule to attract pairs of electrons.

8. Atomic Radius
Atomic Radius = the distance between the nucleus and the outermost electron shell

9. Atomic Radius

11. Ionic Radius
Ionic Radius = the distance from the center of an ion and the outermost electron shell

12. Ionic Radius Anions have a larger radius than the neutral atom
When you add electrons they ‘shield’ other electrons from the positively charged nucleus. Those electrons cannot feel the pull of the nucleus and spread out a little farther.

13. Ionic Radius