1. Energy Transformations
Forms OF ENERGY
And
Energy Transformations

2. Energy Transformation
Thermal
Mechanical
Nuclear
Radiant
Electrical
Sound
Energy Transformation
Chemical

3. Energy is either Potential or Kinetic, but comes in many forms.
Types of Energy Forms
Mechanical/Motion Energy
Radiant/Light Energy
Electrical Energy
Chemical Energy
Thermal/Heat Energy
Nuclear Energy
Sound Energy

4. What is Mechanical Energy?
Energy due to a object’s motion (kinetic) or position (potential).
The bowling ball has mechanical energy.
When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is transferred to the pins!

5. Examples of Mechanical Energy

6. Light energy—consists of the electromagnetic spectrum
What is Radiant Energy?
Light energy—consists of the electromagnetic spectrum
Includes energy from gamma rays, xrays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, microwave and radio bands

7. What is Electrical Energy?
Energy caused by the movement of electrons
Easily transported through power lines and converted into other forms of energy

8. What is Chemical Energy?
Energy that is available for release from chemical reactions.
The chemical bonds in a matchstick store energy that is transformed into thermal energy when the match is struck.

9. Examples of Chemical Energy

10. What is Thermal Energy?
Heat energy
The heat energy of an object determines how active its atoms are.
A hot object is one whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid movement.
A cooler object's molecules and atoms will show less movement.

11. Nuclear Energy Fission Fusion
Nuclear energy originates from the splitting of uranium atoms in a process called fission.
Man caused
It releases a huge amount of energy.
Fusion
When 2 or more
atoms join together(fuse) to form a heavier
Nuclei
Happens on the sun
Releases a huge amount of energy.

12. Sound Energy
Sound energy is a form of energy that is associated with vibrations of matter. Sound originates from the vibrations that result after an object applies a force to another object.

13. Energy can change forms
Energy can change forms. This is called and Energy Transformation or conversion.
Because the law of conservation of energy states that energy is always conserved in the universe and simply changes from one form to another, many energy transformations are taking place constantly.
Examples of Energy Transformations:
1. A toaster transforms electrical energy into thermal energy.
2. A blender transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy.

14. Transformations Between Potential and Kinetic Energy
One of the most common energy transformations is the transformation between potential energy and kinetic energy.
In waterfalls such as Niagara Falls, potential energy is transformed to kinetic energy.
The water at the top of the falls has gravitational potential energy.
As the water plunges, its velocity increases.
Its potential energy becomes kinetic energy.

15. Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversion
Roller coasters work because of the energy that is built into the system. Initially, the cars are pulled mechanically up the tallest hill, giving them a great deal of potential energy. From that point, the conversion between potential and kinetic energy powers the cars throughout the entire ride.

16. All energy comes from the Sun!

17. QUIZ TIME! What type of energy cooks food in a microwave oven?
Radiant ENERGY
What type of energy is the spinning plate inside of a microwave oven?
MECHANICAL ENERGY

19. Energy and Friction Every energy transformation involves heat.
So what happens to the energy of the top?
As the top spins, it encounters friction with the floor and friction from the air.
Every energy transformation involves heat.
Whenever a moving object experiences friction, some of its kinetic energy is transformed into thermal energy. (Why you cannot have perpetual motion machines)
So, the mechanical energy of the spinning top is transformed to thermal energy.
The top slows and eventually falls on its side, but its energy is not destroyed—it is transformed.

20. Let’s Check what you know.

21. What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy

22. What type of energy is shown below?
Thermal Energy

23. What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy (yummy)

24. What types of energy are shown below?
Mechanical and Thermal Energy
(Don’t forget friction)

25. Electrical energy is transported to your house through power lines.
When you plug an electric fan to a power outlet, electrical energy is transform into what type of energy?
MECHANICAL ENERGY