1. Anatomy of shipping Norhaida binti Aziz Nur Fatin Nadhrah binti Asri
Nur Aliah binti Zawi
Intan Hamidah binti Hamzah
Siti Azira binti Noraziwara

2. Layday, Laytime,
( NOR),
Despatch & Demurrage

3. Lay day
As a day kept aside in a ship’s voyage schedule for loading and unloading of the cargo.
Also represent the time at which a ship must reach the charterer for the cargo operation.
Lay days also relate to the type and amount of the cargo.
When the size of cargo increase, it might need several lay days which are defined in shipping contract.

4. If the ship is not arrived at the time or be lated, it is required to pay a penalty.
The advantage is can make all the required operations are carried out in their specified time.
Lay days are divided by 3 different ways;
1) Running days: everyday including weekends and holidays
2) Working days: everyday excluding weekends and holidays
3) Weather working days: incudes days on which the weather
permits to continuous work of cargo loading and unloading.

5. Lay time
A period of time allowed (in hours of days) by a ship owner to the charterer in a voyage charter for the loading and unloading of cargo at port.
If the lay time is exceeded, demurrage is incurred to the ship owner.

6. demurrage
Refers to the charges that the charterer pays to the ship owner.
Charterer pay demurrage if they takes longer to load than the number of lay day allowed.
Sometimes causes a loss to the seller ( increases cost of the total freight).

7. dispatch
Ship owner will pay dispatch to the charterer if the charterer loads or unloaded the cargo in less time than in the agreement.

8. Notice of Readiness
Depends on whether it is correct and whether it is valid.
NOR is a paper or telex document urgently issued by a shipmaster
Document advice a person awaiting a shipment that his ship arrived
NOR is a document ask people to prepared for the cargo to be loaded or unloaded.

9. Thanks for lending your ears