1. PSYCHOLOGY

2. THERE IS A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LEARNING AND EDUCATION

3. LEARNERS LEARN WHAT IS MEANINGFUL TO THEM

4. LEARNERS LEARN IN WAYS THAT ARE MEANINGFUL TO THEM

5. LEARNERS LEARN BETTER IF THEY FEEL IN CONTROL OF WHAT THEY ARE LEARNING

6. LEARNING IS CLOSELY LINKED TO HOW PEOPLE FEEL ABOUT THEMSELVES

7. LEARNING TAKES PLACE IN A SOCIAL CONTEXT THROUGH INTERACTION WITH OTHER PEOPLE

8. WHAT TEACHERS DO IN THE CLASSROOM WILL REFLECT THEIR OWN BELIEFS AND ATTITUDES

9. THERE IS A SIGNIFICANT ROLE FOR THE TEACHER AS MEDIATOR IN THE LANGUAGE CLASSROOM

10. Learning tasks represent an interface between teachers and learners

11. Learning is influenced by the situation in which it occurs

13. Deru kui wa utareru. The Nail That Sticks Up Gets Hammered Down
出る杭は打たれる
Deru kui wa utareru.
The Nail That Sticks Up Gets Hammered Down

15. Teacher training

16. Kachru’s concentric circles of world Englishes

18. L2 Motivational Self System Dörnyei

19. Work of Markus and Nurius
- ideal selves that we would very much like to become
- selves that we could become
- selves we are afraid of becoming

20. Work of Higgins
Ideal self
Ought to self

21. Future self
Not just a goal but an integrated future person

22. L2 learning

23. Hello, I can speak this language very well now
future
hello
Hello, I can speak this language very well now