1. Asbestos Awareness Presented by QBE Loss Control Services

2. Asbestos Awareness

3. What is Asbestos ? Generic term for various fibrous mineral silicates Fibers very resistant to heat and chemicals and do not conduct electricity Formerly widely used in many industries

4. Uses of Asbestos 3600 commercial products Use began around 1900 Until 1940 use limited From 1940 until 1970s used extensively After 1980 phase out began 1989- EPA phase out rule

5. Types of Asbestos Chrysotile Amosite Crocidolite Tremolite Actinolite Anthophylite

6. Chrysotile Most common type of asbestos Heat resistant Sprayed on insulation Fireproofing Long flexible fibers easily spun into yarn

7. Amosite Not as common as chrysotile Pipe and boiler insulation Fibers easily become airborne

8. Pipe Insulation

9. Crocidolite Fibers shorter and more brittle High tensile strength Primarily used in cement products Fibers hard to control

10. Common Uses Insulating Products (1926-1971) Surfacing Material (sprayed or troweled) (1935-1970) Extrusion Panels (since 1930) Transite Boards (unknown)

11. Ceiling Tiles Armstrong Sanserra Armstrong Santaglio Armstrong Embossed Design

12. Roofing Materials Shingles and clapboard (unknown) Roofing felts (since 1910) Roofing asphalt (unknown) Roof putty (unknown) Roof coatings (since 1900)

13. Floor Materials Mastics (1945-1980) Asphalt tile cement (since 1959) Vinyl asbestos tile (1950-1980) (9 x 9 tiles more likely to contain asbestos than 12 x 12 tiles) Asphalt asbestos tile (1920-1980)

14. Paper Products Corrugated (1910-1980) Indented (since 1935) Millboard (since 1925)

15. Other Products Caulks and putties (1900-1973) Adhesives (since 1945) Joint compound (1945-1977) Plaster/stucco (unknown) Spackles (1930-1978) Fireproofing (1935-1978) Cements (since 1900) Paints and coatings (1900-1978)

16. Spray-on Insulation

18. Asbestos in Buildings About 20% of all buildings About 5% with sprayed or trowled on ACM (asbestos containing materials) About 16% with ACM on pipes or boilers Very few with ACM ceiling tiles About 42% with ACM containing floor tiles

19. Asbestos Related Diseases Asbestosis Lung cancer Mesothelioma Other Cancers

20. Asbestos Fiber In Lungs

21. Asbestosis Lung scarring of air sacs (alveoli) Since asbestos fibers strong, they do not break down Asbestos fibers act as small needlesscarring lung tissue Scarring reduces expansion or air sacs

22. Asbestosis

23. Asbestosis Symptoms Latency 15 years Heavy difficult breathing Blue skin tone Clubbing of toes and fingers More susceptible to colds and pneumonia Victims usually die from heart failure

24. Mesothelioma Asbestos Cancer Rare- 2000 cases per year in U.S. Cancer of the pleura (chest cavity lining) or peritoneum (abdomen wall lining) Small fibers enter cells causing uncontrolled growth (cancer) Increased pressure on lungs, heart and other internal organs

25. Mesothelioma

26. Latency 30 years Painful progressive disease 6-12 month prognosis Death by heart attack or stroke

27. Mesothelioma Symptoms Cough, chest tightness and pains Swelling of abdomen Dramatic weight loss Stomach pains

28. Lung Cancer Non-smokers with asbestos exposure- 5% chance Smoker 1-pack/day and asbestos exposure- 50% chance Smoker 2 pack/day and asbestos exposure- 95% chance

29. Other Disease Cancers of colon, stomach, large intestine, esophagus Pleural Plaques- Scars on lining of chest walls Pleural Effusion- fluid buildup in lungs

30. Pleural Plaques

31. Who is at Risk from Asbestos? Insulators Boiler Makers & Repairers Miners of Asbestos Ship Yard Workers Power-plant Workers Brake Line Workers Pipe Fitters

32. Exposure Limits ACGIH-TLV as an 8 hr. time-weighted average- 0.1 f/cc (fiber per cubic centimeter of air) OSHA PEL as an 8 hr. time-weighted average- 0.1 f/cc (1 f/cc for a 30 min. excursion period)

33. Exposure Factors Concentration of fibers in air Duration of exposure Use of respirators and other protective measures

34. Release of Fibers Friable- Loose, easily released into air. Example - spray applied materials Non-friable- Fibers not easily released into air. Example - floor tiles

35. Friable Asbestos Damaged ACM. Fluffy, spray-applied fireproofing Non-friable ACM can pose a hazard when sawed, sanded or during demolition

36. Friable Asbestos In most cases, intact, undisturbed ACM does not pose a health hazard. Only when disturbed does a health hazard exists. Removal of ACM may cause a problem where none existed In-place management may be the best control method

37. EPA Regulations AHERA- Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act -1986 Inspection and management of asbestos in schools NESHAP- National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants- 1973 regulates activities involving asbestos, i.e. manufacture, disposal, demolition, application, etc

38. Asbestos Abatement

39. OSHA 1926.1101- Construction 1910.1001- General Industry

40. 29 CFR 1926.1101 Demolition or salvage where asbestos present Removal or encapsulation of ACM Construction, alteration, repair and maintenance where asbestos is present Installation of materials containing asbestos Cleanup, transportation, disposal and storage of ACM

41. State/Local Regulations May have separate rules Enforcement delegated from federal government Training and certification required in each state or local area

42. Contractors Only certified contractors meeting EPA, state or local requirements allowed to perform work involving ACM

43. Awareness Buildings containing ACM should be abated before contractor begins work If materials suspected of containing ACM are encountered, stop work and contact management Wear respiratory protection in dusty situations