1. Engineering Technology Division
Power Plant Construction and QA/QC
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers

2. Cooling Tower Principles Types of Cooling Towers Types of Fill
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Overview
Introduction
Cooling Tower Principles
Types of Cooling Towers
Types of Fill
Construction Materials
Temperature Control
Air Cooled Condensers
Operational Concerns

3. Second Law of Thermodynamics What heat is not used must be discarded
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Introduction
Second Law of Thermodynamics
What heat is not used must be discarded
Efficiency is how the heat is used
Excess heat discarded means efficiency
Heat Sinks
River
Air (Cooling Towers)
Ocean
Lake

4. Introduction – Heat Sinks - Types
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Introduction – Heat Sinks - Types
Cooper Nuclear Station – Missouri River
Pilgrim Nuclear Station – Atlantic Ocean

5. Introduction – Heat Sinks - Types
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Introduction – Heat Sinks - Types
LaSalle County Nuclear Station – Lake
Susquehanna Nuclear Station – Cooling Tower

6. Cooling Tower Principles - Evaporation
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Cooling Tower Principles - Evaporation
Air Density
Humidity

7. Cooling Tower Principles - Process
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Cooling Tower Principles - Process

8. Types of Cooling Towers – Forced Draft
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Types of Cooling Towers – Forced Draft

9. Types of Cooling Towers – Natural Draft
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Types of Cooling Towers – Natural Draft
Hyperbolic Tower

10. Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Types of Fill

11. Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Types of Fill

12. Construction Materials
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Construction Materials
Concrete
Steel
Wood

13. Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Temperature Control
Climate/ Location
Average Temperature
Variable Heat Load

14. Steam / Water Inlet Manifold
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Air Cooled Condensers
Direct
Indirect
Steam / Water Inlet Manifold
Little water replenishment

15. Operational Concerns - Icing
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Operational Concerns - Icing

16. Operational Concerns – Fouling – Algae
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Operational Concerns – Fouling – Algae

17. Operational Concerns – Fouling – Trash
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Operational Concerns – Fouling – Trash

18. Operational Concerns – Fouling – Dirt
Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Operational Concerns – Fouling – Dirt

19. Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers
Questions?