1. Tundra Biome

2. Plant Life Very few plant species
Cold temperature survival is necessary
Plants strive on heat absorption
Dark leaved plants retain heat better
Some plants include: lichens, mosses, and shrubs

3. Animal Life Survival through extremely cold temperatures
Go long periods without food
Camouflage and stealth is key
Fur insulates and heats animals
Animals include: Arctic Fox, Snowy Owl, and Polar Bears

4. Abiotic Factors No true soil is present Winds and heavy snows dominate
Almost no precipitation each year
Freezing temperatures almost year round
Water is only found in lakes

5. Tundra Range
Tundra is found in Canada, Greenland, Alaska, Europe, Russia, and Antarctica
It stretches from east to west
Tundra is 20% of the earth’s land
Green indicates tundra land area
Mostly located in the north

6. Human Impact Global warming is melting the tundra
Oil spills affect tundra ecosystems
Human development destroys wildlife
Minor pollution kills native animals
Minor hunting affects population

7. Tundra Climate Very short growing season
Extremely cold, 6-10 month winters
About 5 inches of precipitation per year
Short but still cold summers
Great amounts of snow and persistent winds

8. Interesting Facts Tundra comes from the word tunturia
Tunturia means treeless plain
Frozen soil is called permafrost
All tundra landforms are made of permafrost
The sun shines all day in summer

9. Interesting Facts Continued
Dwarf Willow- the only tree that grows in the tundra
The two kinds of tundra are alpine and arctic
Permafrost can go down 2000 feet
Some winds reach 100 m.p.h
Temperature can reach –30 degrees Celsius