1. What is Mitosis?
Main form of reproduction for some organisms like the hydra (freshwater jellyfish). Process is called budding and is asexual reproduction
Tissue renewal (healing)
Cancer(abnormal mitosis)
Growth and development

2. Cancer occurs when the cell spends
Fig
Cancer occurs when the cell spends
an abnormal amount of time dividing (mitosis)
Lymph
vessel
Tumor
Blood
vessel
Cancer
cell
Glandular
tissue
Metastatic
tumor 1
A tumor grows
from a single
cancer cell. 2
Cancer cells
invade neigh-
boring tissue. 3
Cancer cells spread
to other parts of
the body. 4
Cancer cells may
survive and
establish a new
tumor in another
part of the body.

3. Fig. 12-2c
20 µm
(c) Tissue renewal

4. Fig. 13-2a
0.5 mm
Parent
Bud
Asexual reproduction
(a) Hydra

5. (asexual reproduction)
Bacteria
Binary fission
(asexual reproduction)
No mitosis

7. Chromosome, consisting of two sister chromatids
Fig. 12-6b
G2 of Interphase
Prophase
Prometaphase
Centrosomes
(with centriole
pairs)
Chromatin
(duplicated)
Early mitotic
spindle
Aster
Centromere
Fragments
of nuclear
envelope
Nonkinetochore
microtubules
Nucleolus
Nuclear
envelope
Plasma
membrane
Chromosome, consisting
of two sister chromatids
Kinetochore
Kinetochore
microtubule

8. G1 S Cytokinesis Mitosis G2 MITOTIC (M) PHASE Prophase Telophase and
Fig. 12-UN1
INTERPHASE G1 S
Cytokinesis
Mitosis G2
MITOTIC (M) PHASE
Prophase
Telophase and
Cytokinesis
Prometaphase
Anaphase
Metaphase

9. DNA – lots of it in a small space
Chromosome
DNA found
in this form
in mitosis
Chromatin – DNA found in this form in Interphase

10. Fig. 12-UN3

11. Prophase Chromatin – coils and supercoils to form chromosomes
Nucleoli disappear
Nuclear membrane disappear
Spindle begins to form as microtubules grow out of centrosomes (centrioles)
Microtubules from spindle attach to kinetochores on chromosomes

12. Telophase and Cytokinesis
Fig. 12-6d
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase and Cytokinesis
Metaphase
plate
Cleavage
furrow
Nucleolus
forming
Daughter
chromosomes
Nuclear
envelope
forming
Spindle
Centrosome at
one spindle pole

13. Metaphase Spindle fully formed
Centrioles (animal cells) at opposite end of cell
Chromosomes now on metaphase plate (middle of cell)

14. Anaphase
2 centromeres of each chromosome come apart separating sister chromosomes
Free chromatid now called a chromosome
Spindle fibers attached to chromosomes kinetochores contract while those not attached lengthen.
Poles move further apart and cell elongates

15. Telophase Cell continues to elongate Nuclear membrane reforms
Nucleolus forms
Mitotic spindle disappears
Cytokinesis occurs
2 genetically identical daughter cells form

16. Cytokinesis Division of the cytoplasm Occurs along with telophase
Animal cells form a cleavage furrow which pinches the cell into 2
Plant cells form a cell plate

17. Animal cytokinesis Cleavage furrow Contractile ring of Daughter cells
Fig. 12-9a
Animal
cytokinesis
100 µm
Cleavage furrow
Contractile ring of
microfilaments
Daughter cells
(a) Cleavage of an animal cell (SEM)

18. Plant cytokinesis Vesicles forming cell plate Wall of parent cell 1 µm
Fig. 12-9b
Plant
cytokinesis
Vesicles
forming
cell plate
Wall of
parent cell
1 µm
Cell plate
New cell wall
Daughter cells
(b) Cell plate formation in a plant cell (TEM)

19. cytokinesis Fig. 12-9 Vesicles forming cell plate Wall of parent cell
Cleavage furrow
Cell plate
New cell wall
Contractile ring of
microfilaments
Daughter cells
Daughter cells
(a) Cleavage of an animal cell (SEM)
(b) Cell plate formation in a plant cell (TEM)

20. Fig. 12-UN5
Mitosis video