1. Bonding Structures Nat 51 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

2. Why do atoms form bonds?
To achieve a stable
electron arrangement

3. Are electrons transferred or shared in a covalent bond?
Electrons are shared

4. What holds the atoms together in a covalent bond?-
shared pair
of electrons +
The two positive nucleus attract the shared pair of electrons.

5. Which type of atoms form covalent bonds .
Non-metal

6. Is a covalent bond a strong or weak force of attraction?

7. When is an ionic bond formed ?
When a metal combines with a non-metal

8. Do metals lose or gain electrons?
Metals lose electrons

9. What is formed when a metal loses electrons?
A positive ion X+

10. Do non-metal atoms lose or gain electrons?

11. What is formed when a non-metal atom gains electrons?
A negative ion Y-

12. What is formed when there is a force of attraction between oppositely charged ion?
An ionic bond

13. Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide
Which of the following are covalent compounds? Sodium chloride, potassium fluoride, nitrogen dioxide, iron oxide, sulphur dioxide
Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide
(compounds made up of non-metal atoms)

14. A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.
What is a molecule?
A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.

15. What is meant by diatomic?
Two atoms joined together

16. Name the diatomic elements?
hydrogen H2, nitrogen N2, oxygen O2, fluorine F2, chlorine Cl2, bromine Br2, iodine I2

17. Is carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide a diatomic compound?
Carbon monoxide CO (2 atoms)
- carbon dioxide CO2 is a molecule made up of 3 atoms.

18. Draw a diagram to show the shape of a tetrahedral molecule?

19. What name is given to the shape of this molecule?
Pyrimdal shape

20. Which type of substances exist as a lattice structure?
Covalent network - a giant lattice of covalently bonded atoms.
Ionic - a giant lattice of oppositely charged ions.
Metals - a giant lattice of positively charged ions and delocalised electrons