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Published byReynard Goodman Modified over 6 years ago
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Endoscopic internal thoracic artery dissection leads to significant reduction of pain after minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass graft surgery Jan Bucerius, MD, Sebastian Metz, MD, Thomas Walther, MD, PhD, Volkmar Falk, MD, PhD, Nicolas Doll, MD, Frank Noack, MD, David Holzhey, MD, Anno Diegeler, MD, PhD, Friedrich W Mohr, MD, PhD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 73, Issue 4, Pages (April 2002) DOI: /S (02)
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Fig 1 Pain levels for conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG-conv) group, left anterior minithoracotomy (MIDCABG-conv) group, and internal thoracic artery dissection using an endoscopic approach (MIDCABG-endo) group on postoperative days (POD) 2 and 7 according to the verbal rating scale (gray bars = 5, unbearable pain; checked bars = 4, severe pain; open bars = 3, moderate pain; diagonal bars = 2, mild pain; solid bars = 1, no pain). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (02) )
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