1. World Population
Ch. 4 Sec. 1

2. The study of population
Demography
The study of population
#’s
Ethnicities
Common characteristics
Distribution/ Density

3. Demography
The study of human populations, including their size, growth, density, distribution, and rates of births, marriages, and deaths.

4. According to the United Nations, the World reached 6 billion people on October 12, 1999.

5. According to the United Nations, the World reached 7 billion people on October 31, 2011.

6. Population Growth 1000-1800: 1 billion ppl 1800-1950: 2 billion ppl
Doubled in 150 yrs
: 6 billion ppl
Tripled in 50 years
By 2050: 9 billion ppl!!

8. Between 1800 and 1950, the world population doubled, reaching 1 billion.
We reached 6 billion in 1999.
At its current rate, we will pass 9 billion by the year Billion Vid

9. Frank and Ernest on Population

10. Frank and Earnest on Population Explosion

11. Growth Rates Death rate: # of ppl that die every year per 1,000
Birth rate: # of ppl born every year per 1,000
Natural Increase (growth rate)= BR – DR

14. Rates of Natural Increase

15. Frank and Earnest on Birthrate

16. Growth Rates
Life expectancy- average number of years ppl live w/ in a given population
Fertility rate- (avg. amount of children/family)
Infant mortality rate- # of deaths of infants under 1 yr. per 1,000 live births
Child mortality rate- # of deaths of children ages 1-5 per 1,000

17. Fertility Rates
2.1 is generally regarded as a replacement rate (the rate at which a population neither grows nor shrinks) in the developed world. In less developed countries this rate should be higher (2.8?).
Iran Mexico 2.57
USA Haiti 4.3
Italy India 3.0
Russia China 1.82
Why do women choose to have so many children in some countries and not it others?

18. Fertility Rates
2.1 is generally regarded as a replacement rate (the rate at which a population neither grows nor shrinks) in the developed world. In less developed countries this rate should be higher (2.8?).
Iran Mexico 2.57
USA Haiti 4.3
Italy India 3.0
Russia China 1.82
Why do women choose to have so many children in some countries and not it others?
High infant mortality
No Social Security
Cultural preferences and fashion

19. Infant Mortality

20. Doubling time: # of yrs. it takes a pop. to double in size
Parts of Asia, Africa, Latin Am. = 25 yrs.
Wealthy countries = 300 yrs.

21. Growth Rates How would death rates ? Better health care/ meds.
More food
Better technology
Better living conditions,
sanitation
(think after Industrial Revolution)

22. Growth Rates Zero Population growth occurs when BR = DR
Usually happens only in wealthy countries
Most rural areas have tradition of many kids (farm work)

23. 90% of earth's population growth occurs in developing countries.

24. In Bangladesh- most densely populated country in world

25. Population Problems What would be problems of rapid growth?
Enough food to feed all
Resource shortages (water, housing, clothing)
Age distribution (too young)

27. Nairobi, Kenya
Mumbai, India

37. Population Positives What are good things that come with growth?
Levels of technology/creativity rises
Adv. in agriculture
help food prod.
Enough workers to
keep economy going

38. Negative Pop. Growth Occurs when DR > BR Not enough workers
Labor must be brought in  problems b/w different cultures

39. Population Distribution
Pop. Dist. = pattern of human settlement
Due to inhospitable land, ppl only live on 1/3 of Earth’s land
Ecumene= portion of earth occupied by permanent human settlement
Need 3 things:
Available water, fertile soil, & a good climate

40. Which continents are the most densely populated?
What regions tend to be the least populated- think climate?
Which is more populated- urban areas or rural areas?

41. Population Density Pop. Dens.= ppl per sq. mile
Total population / total land area
(arithmetic pop. dens.)
Some countries have wide open areas= low pop. dens.
Some are tinier countries= high pop. dens.
Ex: Belgium & Niger

43. Population Density Uneven distribution- not all land is usable
Egypt: 99% of pop. lives w/in 20 miles of Nile  the rest is desert
Use physiological pop. dens. =
Total population / total arable land
181 ppl/sq. mile vs. 5,807 ppl/sq. mile

44. Population Movement Migration: ppl move place to place
City to city, suburb to suburb, rural to urban

45. Urbanization What are reasons to move to the city? Jobs Education
Land goes bad
Health care/ social services
½ of world’s population lives in cities!

46. Migration Between countries: Reasons to leave:
Emigrants in home country
Immigrants in new country
Reasons to leave:
War, food shortages, jobs, education, oppression/ persecution, disaster