1. Cellular Energy

2. All living organisms use energy

3. The Need for Energy Move organelles inside cell Active transport
Transmit nerve impulses
Contract muscles
Active transport
Cell division
Production of proteins
By plants in photosynthesis to make glucose

4. Adenosine Triphosphate
ATP

5. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
A chemical compound used by living organisms to store and release energy
Formed by the breakdown of glucose and starch (carbohydrates)
Three main parts
Adenine
Ribose sugar
Three phosphate groups

6. Adenine
Adenosine
Ribose

7. Triphosphate

8. Energy is stored in the phosphate bonds

9. Hydrolysis breaks the bond of the last phosphate group and energy is released.

11. Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)
Cells contain more ADP than ATP
Use energy from carbohydrates to add a phosphate to ADP to create more ATP
Three parts
Adenine
Ribose sugar
2 phosphate groups

13. Sodium- Potassium Pump
A carrier protein in animal cells that moves ions across the cell membrane
An example of Active Transport
Animals need more potassium ions inside the cell and more sodium ions outside the cell for nerve impulses to be transmitted
Sodium- Potassium Pump

14. Sodium-Potassium Pump
Three sodium ions from inside the cell bind to sites inside the carrier protein
ATP releases energy by giving a phosphate to the carrier protein.
The carrier protein changes shape to release the three sodium ions to the outside of the cell
Two potassium ions outside of the cell bind to sites inside the carrier protein
The phosphate ion is released by the carrier protein and it changes back to its original shape and potassium is released into the cell

17. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5GMLIMIVUv o