1. Warm-up:
In a paragraph, describe what this cartoon represents?

2. Foreign Policy

3. The Panama Canal US needed permission from Colombia
America needed shorter route between Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
US needed permission from Colombia
Colombia wanted more money than US wanted to pay
Theodore Roosevelt dispatched US warships to waters off Panama to support Panamanian rebellion against Colombia (encouraged by Roosevelt)
US recognized Panama government
US would lease the “Canal Zone” for $10 million and pay an annual rent
Finally given back to the Panamanians in 1999

6. “Big Stick” Diplomacy – Theodore Roosevelt
Roosevelt believed it took a strong military to achieve America’s goals
“Speak softly and carry a big stick”
Used by Roosevelt to guide his foreign policy
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
U.S. to act as an “international police power”
Under Roosevelt, U.S. often intervened in Latin America
Roosevelt wanted to preserve “Open Door Policy” with China
T.R. won Nobel Peace Prize—Russia and Japan

7. Foreign Policy After T.R.
William Howard Taft: Elected 1908
Dollar Diplomacy: “substitute dollars for bullets”
Aimed to increase American investments in businesses and banks in Cent. Americas
More honorable but still might need to use military (big stick) on occasion
U.S. reached height of international power under T.R. and Taft
Policies created enemies in Latin America and a growing international resentment of U.S. intervention

8. Foreign Policy After T.R.
Woodrow Wilson:
“Moral diplomacy”: work to “promote human rights, national integrity, and opportunity”
U.S. applied more moral and legalistic standards to foreign policy
Drew U.S. into the complex Mexican Revolution
Did not work well in Mexico
U.S.-Mexican relations were strained for many years

10. Debating Imperialism Pro-Imperialists:
New kind of frontier for U.S. expansion
Keep America from losing competitive edge
Access to foreign markets made economy stronger
“Great White Fleet” demonstrated U.S. naval power to other countries

11. Debating Imperialism cont’
Anti-Imperialists
Moral and political argument
Expansion was a rejection of our nation’s founding principle of “liberty for all”
Racial argument
Imperialism just another form of racism
Economic argument
Expansion too costly
Maintaining military
Laborers from other countries compete for jobs

12. Imperialism Viewed from Abroad
Caribbean and Central America—U.S. defending governments unpopular with local inhabitants
“Yankee go home”
Panamanians complained of discrimination
Many countries turned to U.S. for help
U.S. was welcomed and rejected
American government still struggles to reconcile its great power and national interests with its relationships with other countries

13. Activity:
Write a summary of the policies doing a comparison of the differences.
Then pick the policy that you believe is the best policy and tell me why.
(2 separate paragraphs)