1. Culture: Etymology

2. Root from Latin: cultura from colere
Inhabit  colonus (colony)
Cultivate  cultura animi (Cicero)
Honor with worship  cultus (worship)

3. French
Couture
Culture (until 18C, always accompanied by a grammatical form indicating what was being cultivated)
German
Cultur (18C)
Kultur (19C)

4. English
The independent and abstract noun which described a process of intellectual, spiritual and aesthetic development.
The independent noun, whether used generally or specifically, which indicates a particular way of life, whether of a people, a period, a group, or humanity in general.
The independent and abstract noun which describes the works and practices of intellectual and especially artistic activity.