1. APES First Five-Monday Sept 11 What do you think about the statement… “When we talk about water, we’re often taling about power, or about security, or both.” ‘
Please find your seat once! Once you complete First Five! share your hw statements from the New Oil… . 

2. Happy Mondy… Week 2 Sustainable Ecosystems
Gather in small group and share the significant statements you selected from the article “New OIL”.
Share concerns, ideas… suggestions for a more sustainable world!
Introduction to Ecocolumn Challenge
You will be challenged to build, monitor and maintain artificial closed system habitats. Your challenge is to plan a sustainable system!

3. Scientific Method-
Manipulative Experiments vs Natural Experiments.

4. We test hypotheses in different ways
Manipulative experiments yield the strongest evidence
Researchers control independent variables
Reveal causal relationships
Many things cannot be manipulated
Natural experiments show real-world complexity
Use existing conditions to test predictions—little control over variables
Results are not neat and clean
Answers are not black and white

5. The scientific process continues beyond the scientific method
The scientific process guards against faulty research. Checks include:
Peer review
Publication in scientific journals
Competition for funding

7. Develop a hypothesis and Make predictions
Hypothesis = a statement that tries to explain the question
The hypothesis generates predictions = specific statements that can be directly tested
The test results either support or reject the hypothesis

8. Test the predictions Variable = a condition that can change
Independent variable = a variable that can be manipulated- That is what you are testing….
Dependent variable = a variable that depends on the independent variable- THE DATA

9. Test the predictions
Controlled experiment-Leave out the Independnet variable.
Except the independent variable whose effect is being tested
Control = for comparison
Quantitative data = information that uses numbers
Qualitative data = information that does not use numbers

10. We test hypotheses in different ways
Manipulative experiments yield the strongest evidence
Researchers control independent variables
Reveal causal relationships
Many things cannot be manipulated
Natural experiments show real-world complexity
Use existing conditions to test predictions—little control over variables
Results are not neat and clean
Answers are not black and white

11. The scientific process continues beyond the scientific method
The scientific process guards against faulty research. Checks include:
Peer review
Publication in scientific journals
Competition for funding
So Here is the Challenge and you will be Challenged!

12. Materials & Methods Materials Methods
Models help us predict patterns in nature
Bottle Biology- Use water quality test kits to monitor your ecosystems!
Materials & Methods
Materials
Liter bottles, distilled water, sand, soil, rocks, fish, snails, aquatic plants, soil, scissors, packing tape, water quality testing equipment.
Methods
Design and assemble your eco-column to include terrestrial, aquatic and decompositional chambers. Discuss Energy flow, and nutrient cycles. Monitor each week for changes.