1. European Exploration

2. Motivations for Exploration
God
Gold
Glory

3. Marco Polo ( )
Stayed in the court of Kublai Khan; wrote about his experiences
Travels of Marco Polo
Fostered more interest about Asia

4. Motivations for Exploration
Ottoman Turks controlled much of Middle East
Land travel now more difficult and expensive!
European sailors look for ocean routes to India and China

5. Sugar
Precious Metals
Spices
Major Commodities

6. Other Motivations Religious conversion of natives
Spirit of adventure and glory also important

7. Means of Travel Caravels made long distance travel possible
Astrolabe and magnetic compass for navigation
Better knowledge of wind patterns
Caravel- small, fast, maneuverable ship with large cargo holds and triangular sails

8. Alfonso de Albuquerque
Bartholomeu Dias
Vasco da Gama
Alfonso de Albuquerque
First!
Got to tip of the Cape of Good Hope
Around Cape of Good Hope!
Arrived at Calicut
Made HUGE profit from spices
Invaded city of Malaka in India
Took over spice trade from Muslims
Portuguese Explorers

9. Spanish Explorers Goal: Reach Asia by sailing west
Funded by Isabella and Ferdinand of Spain
Four voyages
Discovered Caribbean Islands and Honduras
Ferdinand Magellan
Christopher Columbus
Goal: Find passage through South America
Founded Strait of Magellan in S. America
First to circumnavigate the globe
Spanish Explorers

10. Portugal vs. Spain Portugal explores South Africa and Indian Ocean
Spain explored Atlantic and Pacific
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
Divided undiscovered territory in half
Portugal=East
Spain= West

11. Conquest of the Aztecs
Cortes marched to Tenochtitlan in 1519 (550 soldiers)
Made alliances with enemies of the Aztecs
Welcomed by Moctezuma (Aztec king)
Eventually captured and killed

12. Conquest of the Aztecs
Cortes marched to Tenochtitlan in (550 soldiers)
Made alliances with other city- states
Huge revolt in 1520 drove away invaders
Disease ended revolt in four months
Tenochtitlan destroyed
Gov’t buildings and churches built

13. The Spanish Empire and Colonies

14. The Conquistadors
Hernan Cortes
Francisco Pizarro

15. Conquest of the Incas Later than Aztecs (1531)
Pizarro lands with only 180 soldiers
Incans in middle of civil war
Pizarro captures and executes Atahuallpa (Incan emperor)
New colony for Spain
Controlled by parent country
Linked by trade and government

16. How did they succeed?