1. Modelling

2. Definition of Modelling

3. Definition of Modelling
 modelling is often known as simulation:

4. Definition of Modelling
 modelling is often known as simulation:
“A method of predicting the likely behaviour of a real-life system by constructing a computer model.”

5. Reasons for Modelling

6. Reasons for Modelling to predict the response of a system
under varying conditions;

7. Reasons for Modelling to predict the response of a system
under varying conditions;
to save cost;

8. Reasons for Modelling to predict the response of a system
under varying conditions;
to save cost;
to change the timescale of a system;

9. Reasons for Modelling to predict the response of a system
under varying conditions;
to save cost;
to change the timescale of a system;
to remove the element of danger;

10. Reasons for Modelling to predict the response of a system
under varying conditions;
to save cost;
to change the timescale of a system;
to remove the element of danger;
to speed up and assist the design process;

11. Characteristics of Modelling Software

12. Characteristics of Modelling Software
a model usually consists of a series of rules,

13. Characteristics of Modelling Software
a model usually consists of a series of rules,
the rules usually written as mathematical expressions,

14. Characteristics of Modelling Software
a model usually consists of a series of rules,
the rules usually written as mathematical expressions,
the rules determine how the model will behave in various situations,

15. Characteristics of Modelling Software
a model usually consists of a series of rules,
the rules usually written as mathematical expressions,
the rules determine how the model will behave in various situations,
the rules work on data fed into the model.

16. Characteristics of Modelling Software
a model usually consists of a series of rules,
the rules usually written as mathematical expressions,
the rules determine how the model will behave in various situations,
the rules work on data fed into the model.
the model should behave in the same way as the situation that it represents.

17. Characteristics of Modelling Software
a model usually consists of a series of rules,
the rules usually written as mathematical expressions,
the rules determine how the model will behave in various situations,
the rules work on data fed into the model.
the model should behave in the same way as the situation that it represents.
the designer uses the model to predict how whatever it is modelling will behave in reality.

18. Types of Modelling Software

19. Types of Modelling Software
Spreadsheets
financial

20. Types of Modelling Software
Spreadsheets
financial
Engineering design and analysis
bridges, skyscrapers, aircraft.
uses CAD (Computer Aided Design) packages

21. Types of Modelling Software
Spreadsheets
financial
Engineering design and analysis
bridges, skyscrapers, aircraft.
uses CAD (Computer Aided Design) packages
Scientific modelling
weather forecasting, nuclear reactors

22. Types of Modelling Software
Spreadsheets
financial
Engineering design and analysis
bridges, skyscrapers, aircraft.
uses CAD (Computer Aided Design) packages
Scientific modelling
weather forecasting, nuclear reactors
Virtual Reality modelling software (VR)
garden/kitchen design etc

23. Features of Modelling Software

24. Features of Modelling Software
variables
values that can be changed to see the effects
contents of a cell that can be used in a function

25. Features of Modelling Software
variables
values that can be changed to see the effects
contents of a cell that can be used in a function
formulae
calculate values
perform calculations using mathematical operators

26. Features of Modelling Software
variables
values that can be changed to see the effects
contents of a cell that can be used in a function
formulae
calculate values
perform calculations using mathematical operators
functions
standard (built-in) routines used to perform common tasks
SUM(), AVERAGE(), MAXIMUM(), LOOKUP()

27. Features of Modelling Software
variables
values that can be changed to see the effects
contents of a cell that can be used in a function
formulae
calculate values
perform calculations using mathematical operators
functions
standard (built-in) routines used to perform common tasks
SUM(), AVERAGE(), MAXIMUM(), LOOKUP()
create graphs based on the data
analyse data patterns
graphs change as the data changes

28. Features of Modelling Software
variables
values that can be changed to see the effects
contents of a cell that can be used in a function
formulae
calculate values
perform calculations using mathematical operators
functions
standard (built-in) routines used to perform common tasks
SUM(), AVERAGE(), MAXIMUM(), LOOKUP()
create graphs based on the data
analyse data patterns
graphs change as the data changes
‘what-if?’ calculations
recalculation of answers based on changed values

29. Benefits of “What-If?” Questions

30. Benefits of “What-If?” Questions
only one model needs to be created and then altered

31. Benefits of “What-If?” Questions
only one model needs to be created and then altered
model can recalculate values
single values changed and model updated automatically.
various combinations can be tried with the minimal effort

32. Benefits of “What-If?” Questions
only one model needs to be created and then altered
model can recalculate values
single values changed and model updated automatically.
various combinations can be tried with the minimal effort
mistakes can be eradicated prior to construction

33. Modelling Process observe system identify parameters collect data
formulate rules governing process
determine required outputs
test/modify rules