1. Galaxies and Cosmology
Key figures in relativistic cosmology
Friedman de Sitter Einstein
Lemaitre

2. General Relativity

3. The Galaxy

4. The Galaxy

5. Distances
SMC by Fred Espenak

6. The Expanding Universe

7. The Expanding Universe
Hubble and Humason, 1931

8. The Steady State

9. The Less Rapidly Expanding Universe... part 1
MB = log P
MB = log P
MB = log P
W Vir stars (Type II Cepheids) – magnitude of about -1 at log P = 1
m – M = 5 log(d/10)
If ΔM = 2, d changes by factor of 102/5 = 2.5
Classical (Type I) Cepheids – magnitude of about -3 at log P = 1

10. The Less Rapidly Expanding Universe... part 2
red plate; H II regions marked
blue plate; star marked
Allan Sandage, ApJ 127 (1958) 123

11. Hubble’s (not-very) Constant
Sandage recognises HII regions (not stars)
Jan Oort
Baade discovers Pop II

12. Radio Source Counts

13. Cosmic Background Wilkinson Peebles Dicke Herman – Gamow – Alpher
Wilson Penzias
Wilkinson
Peebles Dicke

14. Cosmic Background Boynton, Stokes & Wilkinson, 1968
COBE satellite, 1990

15. Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
Wagoner, Fowler and Hoyle (1967)

16. Hubble Wars
Gerard de Vaucouleurs
Allan Sandage

17. Hubble Peace?

18. Hubble Peace?

19. Inflation

20. CMB Anisotropies
David Spergel