1. 1st Nine Weeks Study Guide
Cells
Scientific Method
Microorganisms

2. 1. Define quantitative observations.
Something that can be counted using numbers.
Example: There are 33 students in my class.

3. 2. Define qualitative observations.
Uses the five senses.
(sight, smell, taste, feel, sound)
Example:
The concrete mix turns hard when water is added to it.

4. 3. Which part of the scientific method is the “if-then” statement?
The hypothesis is written in an
“if-then” statement.

5. 4. When analyzing data, the information is generally placed in a
a chart or graph.

6. 5. What are some of the ways you can communicate the results of your experiment?
Some ways to communicate your results are in a science fair, science journal, blog, or magazine.

7. 6. Defining/stating the problem is usually in
Step 1 of the scientific method in the form of a question.

8. Tissues are
Groups of cells that share a common structure and function within an organism.

9. 8. Small compartments that hold all of the biological equipment necessary to keep an organism alive and successful on earth is a
cell.

10. 9. Describe a multicellular organism.
An organism made up of many cells that are dependent on each other to perform essential functions as a group.

11. 10. What part of the cell converts light into chemical energy in the form of molecules called photosynthesis?
chloroplast

12. 11. Cytoplasm is a fluid mixture that contains
all of the organelles and provides the space for cell functions to occur.

13. 12. What organelle separates the inside of the cell from the outside environment?
cell membrane

14. 13. What organelle produces most of the cells energy?
mitochondria

15. 14. A structure in a cell that performs a special function is called an
organelle.

16. 15. Describe the nucleolus, where it is found, and its function in the cell.
It is a dark spot inside the nucleus. It acts as the storage area for materials that are used by other organelles.

17. 16. What is the function of the vacuole?
It stores water, food and waste.

18. 17. How does the cytoskeleton give a cell its structure and shape?
It is a series of fibers made from proteins and it provides structure to the cell and gives it its shape.

19. 18. What do lysosomes contain that help them break things down?
enzymes

20. 19. The function of ribosomes in a cell is
to make proteins and then release them into the ER. Some ribosomes are attached and some float around the cytoplasm.

21. 20. Use complete sentences to thoroughly explain the difference between a plant and animal cell.
A plant cell contains a cell wall and chloroplast. An animal cell has neither. A plant cell also contains a central vacuole and animal cell has a vacuole.

22. 21. Give 3 examples of parasites.
leech, lice, mosquitos

23. 22. These belong to a group of organisms called protists, which are neither plants nor animals.
protozoa

24. 23. A__________is a substance that is usually injected into a person or animal to protect against a particular disease.
vaccine

25. 24. A disease is
A condition of an organ, or system of an organism. A disease may result from various causes such as: infection, genetic defect, or environmental stress.

26. 25. Any one of a group of related plants that have no flowers and that live on dead or decaying things is called
fungi.

27. 26. The common cold is a __________ which is an extremely small living thing that causes a disease and that spreads from one person or animal to another Virus

28. 27. A microorganism is
any organism too small to be viewed by the unaided eye.

29. 28. _______________ is a disease that spread by the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. Symptoms include fever, chills, and nausea.
malaria

30. 29. Parasites are
A plant or an animal organism that lives in or on another and takes its nourishment from that other organism.

31. 30. E.Coli and staphylococcus are known as
bacteria.

32. Other things to know
Steps in the Scientific Method
Review the article The Littlest Organism