1. Chapter 15 The West Between the Wars

2. Chapter 15 The West Between the Wars
Lesson 1
Instability after World War I

3. Occupation of the Ruhr Valley
• In 1922, French troops occupied the Ruhr Valley after Germany defaulted on reparations payments.
• France planned to collect mining and industrial resources for payments owed.
• German workers passively resisted the French occupation by striking.
• German inflation made paper currency worthless.
• The Dawes Plan restructured German payments.

4. Lesson 2 The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
Chapter 15
Lesson 2
The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes

5. Foreign Aid in the Spanish Civil War
Spanish Republic
• Aided by 40,000 foreign volunteers
• Supported by the Soviet Union
o Approximately 3,000 military advisers
o Approximately 800 aircraft, 360 tanks, and 1,500 pieces of artillery
General Francisco Franco
• Received aid from Italy and Germany
o More than 60,000 soldiers
o Approximately 1,200 aircraft, 350 tanks, and 2,000 pieces of artillery

6. o The Church was given sovereign independence in Vatican City.
Fascism, the Italian Monarchy, and the Catholic Church
• After Mussolini was made prime minister, the Italian Fascist government allowed Victor Emmanuel III to remain as king.
• The Fascists declared the Catholic Church to be the “sole religion of the state.”
o The Church was given sovereign independence in Vatican City.
o The Church was provided with a large grant of money.
o In return, the Church urged Italians to support the Fascist regime.
• The Fascists made it unlawful to publish criticism of the Catholic Church, the monarchy, or the state.

7. Women and Fascism in Italy
• Italian Fascists portrayed the family as the “pillar of the state.”
• As the foundation of the family, women were confined to the roles of homemakers and mothers.
• To Mussolini, these roles were women’s “natural and fundamental mission in life.”

8. Creation of the Soviet Union
• After World War I, Russian peasants sabotage Communist program by hoarding food.
• Drought leads to catastrophic famine between and 1922.
• Industrial collapse accompanies crop failures.
• In response to economic chaos, Lenin institutes New Economic Policy, a modification of old capitalist system.
• In 1922, after economic recovery, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is created.

9. Social Cost of Collectivization
• Stalin’s collectivization of agriculture involved government’s taking ownership of all farmland.
• Many peasants resisted working for government and hoarded crops.
• Millions who resisted were sent to prison camps.
• Policies led to widespread famine.

10. Lesson 3 Hitler and Nazi Germany
Chapter 15
Lesson 3
Hitler and Nazi Germany

11. The Rise of Adolf Hitler
• After release from prison, expanded Nazi Party so that it could compete for votes
• Decline of German government leaders’ popularity in late 1920s and early 1930s due to economic problems
• Popularity of Hitler’s nationalist appeals, leading to Nazis’ becoming largest party in German parliament in 1932
• Appointed chancellor of Germany in 1933

12. Nazi Propaganda
• The Nazis made use of social institutions to indoctrinate the young.
o Churches, schools, universities
o Nazi professional and youth organizations
• Printed propaganda included books, posters, and newspapers.