1. Golgi Apparatus The mailman of the cell
Picks up and labels products made by the cell and delivers them to the correct part of the cell

2. Cytoskeleton
Microtubules - larger tubes made of protein that help hold the cell’s shape like tent poles
Microfilaments -
smaller, more delicate
protein strands that
hold organelles in
place

3. Making Proteins The single most important job of each
cell is to make PROTEIN!
DNA has all the instructions to make them BUT, DNA is not allowed to leave the nucleus!
So, it must give the instructions to another nucleic acid, RNA which is allowed to leave the nucleus

4. There are three types of RNA found in a cell:
1. Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Job: Transcription
2. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Job: Translation
3. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Job: assembly

5. Transcription (mRNA) The first step is transcription
DNA acts as a template for a short strand of RNA to be copied

6. Translation (tRNA) Next, the mRNA is translated
mRNA move through ribosomes where tRNA translates sections of base pairs into amino acids
Amino acids are the ‘building blocks’ of life
They tell the protein how to fold

7. This protein has a specific job to do within the cell
After the tRNA has made some amino acids, they are connected together to form a protein by rRNA
This protein has a specific job to do within the cell
for instance: Hair color proteins are only found in hair cells

8. Cellular Movement
Cilia: short hair-like structures that cover part of or the entire organism
flagella: long whip like structures that propel an organism forward
Pseudopodia: organism will extend it’s cell membrane towards food and pull the rest of it behind

9. Prokaryotic Cells Prokaryotic Cells are very simple cells
They DO NOT have a nucleus to hold their DNA
Do NOT have organelles
Mostly bacteria are in this group

10. Eukaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells are modern cells
They DO contain a nucleus to hold DNA
Also have many tiny organs to help the cell survive called organelles

11. The End