1. AUSTRALIAN ARMY CADETS RADIO OPERATORS COURSE
CADET ADVANCED
RADIO OPERATORS COURSE
This presentation corresponds to Chapter 9 of the AAC CADET INSTRUCTOR
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS HANDBOOK
This course has been designed, written and developed by LTCOL(AAC) G.R. Newman-Martin, CSM, RFD
©LTCOL(AAC) G.R. NEWMAN-MARTIN, 2011

2. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
Topic 9
©LTCOL(AAC) G.R. NEWMAN-MARTIN, 2011
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011 2

3. PROCEDURES FOR BAD WORKING CONDITIONS
This presentation refers to Chapter 9 of the Instructor Notes. This presentation will take two to three 40-minute periods of instruction to teach, depending on the class.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011 2

4. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
FREE NET
Under normal conditions once a net has been established it is FREE…
©LTCOL(AAC) G.R. NEWMAN-MARTIN, 2011
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

5. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
FREE NET
Under normal conditions once a net has been established it is FREE…
…and NCS will not usually intervene in communications between substations.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

6. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DIRECTED NET
When conditions are difficult and/or flow of radio
traffic is heavy….
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

7. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DIRECTED NET
When conditions are difficult and/or flow of radio
traffic is heavy….
NCS may order net to be DIRECTED.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

8. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DIRECTED NET
When conditions are difficult and/or flow of radio
traffic is heavy….
NCS may order net to be DIRECTED.
After this, ALL messages between substations
MUST be offered.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

9. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DIRECTED NET
When conditions are difficult and/or flow of radio
traffic is heavy….
NCS may order net to be DIRECTED.
After this, ALL messages between substations
MUST be offered.
NCS is the first to answer these offers.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

10. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DIRECTED NET
When conditions are difficult and/or flow of radio
traffic is heavy….
NCS may order net to be DIRECTED.
After this, ALL messages between substations
MUST be offered.
NCS is the first to answer these offers.
In directed net, NCS regulates all traffic on net.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

11. CHANGING STATE OF NET BETWEEN FREE AND DIRECTED
NCS USES PROWORDS:

12. CHANGING STATE OF NET BETWEEN FREE AND DIRECTED
NCS USES PROWORDS:
THIS IS A DIRECTED NET
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

13. CHANGING STATE OF NET BETWEEN FREE AND DIRECTEDOR
THIS IS A FREE NET
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

14. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
REPLIES BY NCS
WHEN NET IS DIRECTED
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

15. REPLIES BY NCS WHEN NET IS DIRECTED
SEND YOUR [MESSAGE, SITREP, ETC) – OUT
permission for this message to be sent
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

16. REPLIES BY NCS WHEN NET IS DIRECTED
SEND YOUR [MESSAGE, SITREP, ETC) – OUT
permission for this message to be sent
WAIT OUT
substation must wait until given permission by NCS to transmit
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

17. REPLIES BY NCS WHEN NET IS DIRECTED
SEND YOUR [MESSAGE, SITREP, ETC) – OUT
i.e. permission for this message to be sent
WAIT OUT
i.e. substation must wait until given permission by NCS to transmit
THROUGH ME
NCS assumes responsibility for relaying message
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

18. REPLIES BY NCS WHEN NET IS DIRECTED
SEND YOUR [MESSAGE, SITREP, ETC) – OUT
i.e. permission for this message to be sent
WAIT OUT
i.e. substation must wait until given permission by NCS to transmit
THROUGH ME
i.e. NCS assumes responsibility for relaying message
RELAY THROUGH….. – OUT
NCS directs originating substation to relay through another station
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

19. EXAMPLES OF DIRECTED NET PROCEDURE
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

20. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE –
SEND YOUR….. – OUT
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

21. EXAMPLE – SEND YOUR….. – OUT
Directed net comprising NCS (0A), 11, 12, 13, 14 11 13 0A 12 14
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

22. Senders in this example are 11 and 0A
SEND YOUR….. – OUT 11 13 0A 12 14
Senders in this example are 11 and 0A

23. …but 11 is trying to send a message to 13
EXAMPLE –
SEND YOUR….. – OUT 11 13 0A 12 14
…but 11 is trying to send a message to 13

24. EXAMPLE – SEND YOUR….. – OUT
DIRECTED NET
All stations can hear each other
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

25. EXAMPLE – SEND YOUR….. – OUT
DIRECTED NET
All stations can hear each other
Substation 11 offers message (through NCS) for 13:
“13 - THIS IS 11 - (MESSAGE) - OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

26. EXAMPLE – SEND YOUR….. – OUT
DIRECTED NET
All stations can hear each other
Substation 11 offers message (through NCS) for 13:
“13 - THIS IS 11 - (MESSAGE) - OVER”
NCS directs that message be sent:
“(11) - THIS IS 0A - SEND YOUR MESSAGE - OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

27. EXAMPLE – SEND YOUR….. – OUT
DIRECTED NET
All stations can hear each other
Substation 11 offers message (through NCS) for 13:
“13 - THIS IS 11 - (MESSAGE) - OVER”
NCS directs that message be sent:
“(11) - THIS IS 0A - SEND YOUR MESSAGE - OVER”
11 now sends message:
“(13) - (THIS IS) 11 - Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE - OVER [or OUT]”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

28. EXAMPLE – SEND YOUR….. – OUT
DIRECTED NET
All stations can hear each other
Substation 11 offers message (through NCS) for 13:
“13 - THIS IS 11 - (MESSAGE) - OVER”
NCS directs that message be sent:
“(11) - THIS IS 0A - SEND YOUR MESSAGE - OVER”
11 now sends message:
“(13) - (THIS IS) 11 - Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE - OVER [or OUT]”
At this stage 13 would reply to 11.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

29. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
Example – WAIT OUT
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

30. Directed net comprising NCS (0A), 11, 12
Example – WAIT OUT
Directed net comprising NCS (0A), 11, 12 11 12 0A
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

31. Senders in this example are 11, 0A, 12
Example – WAIT OUT 11 12 0A
Senders in this example are 11, 0A, 12
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

32. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE – WAIT OUT
DIRECTED NET
11 wishes to send message to 12, and calls:
“12 - THIS IS 11 - (MESSAGE) - OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

33. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE – WAIT OUT
DIRECTED NET
11 wishes to send message to 12, and calls:
“12 - THIS IS 11 - (MESSAGE) - OVER”
The call is addressed by 11 to 12, but NCS must respond first.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

34. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE – WAIT OUT
DIRECTED NET
11 wishes to send message to 12, and calls:
“12 - THIS IS 11 - (MESSAGE) - OVER”
The call is addressed by 11 to 12, but NCS must respond first. As there is more urgent traffic to be passed, the NCS decides that 11 will have to wait.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

35. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE – WAIT OUT
DIRECTED NET
11 wishes to send message to 12, and calls:
“12 - THIS IS 11 - (MESSAGE) - OVER”
The call is addressed by 11 to 12, but NCS must respond first. As there is more urgent traffic to be passed, the NCS decides that 11 will have to wait.
NCS transmits:
“(11) - (THIS IS) - 0A - WAIT OUT”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

36. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE – WAIT OUT
DIRECTED NET
When the more urgent traffic has been sent, the NCS directs 11 to send its message.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

37. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE – WAIT OUT
DIRECTED NET
When the more urgent traffic has been sent, the NCS directs 11 to send its message.
NCS transmits:
“11 - THIS IS 0A - SEND YOUR MESSAGE - OUT”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

38. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE – WAIT OUT
DIRECTED NET
When the more urgent traffic has been sent, the NCS directs 11 to send its message.
NCS transmits:
“11 - THIS IS 0A - SEND YOUR MESSAGE - OUT”
11 sends the message:
“12 - THIS IS 11 - (MESSAGE) - OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

39. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE – WAIT OUT
DIRECTED NET
When the more urgent traffic has been sent, the NCS directs 11 to send its message.
NCS transmits:
“11 - THIS IS 0A - SEND YOUR MESSAGE - OUT”
11 sends the message:
“12 - THIS IS 11 - (MESSAGE) - OVER”
12 replies:
“(11) - (THIS IS) 12 - (SEND) – OVER” …..etc
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

40. THROUGH ME TYPES OF CALLS
Directed net comprising NCS (0A), 11, 12, 13, 14 11 13 0A 12 14
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011 24

41. THROUGH ME TYPES OF CALLS Senders in this example are:11 13 0A 12 14
Senders in this example are:
11, 13 and NCS (0A)
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011 24

42. All stations can hear each other, but 11 and 13 are having difficulty
TYPES OF CALLS
THROUGH ME
All stations can hear each other,
but 11 and 13 are having difficulty
hearing each other.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011 24

43. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE - THROUGH ME
11 initiates the call:
“13 – THIS IS 11 – (MESSAGE) – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

44. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE - THROUGH ME
11 initiates the call:
“13 – THIS IS 11 – (MESSAGE) – OVER”
The NCS is aware that 11 and 13 are having difficulty hearing each other and decides to pass on the message through him/herself:
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

45. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE - THROUGH ME
11 initiates the call:
“13 – THIS IS 11 – (MESSAGE) – OVER”
The NCS is aware that 11 and 13 are having difficulty hearing each other and decides to pass on the message through him/herself:
NCS answers:
“(11) – THIS IS 0A – THROUGH ME – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

46. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE - THROUGH ME
11 initiates the call:
“13 – THIS IS 11 – (MESSAGE) – OVER”
The NCS is aware that 11 and 13 are having difficulty hearing each other and decides to pass on the message through him/herself:
NCS answers:
“(11) – THIS IS 0A – THROUGH ME – OVER”
11 now gives the message to NCS for 13.
“(13) – (THIS IS) 11 – Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

47. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE - THROUGH ME
NCS concludes communication with 11 and takes responsibility for getting message through:
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

48. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE - THROUGH ME
NCS concludes communication with 11 and takes responsibility for getting message through:
NCS transmits:
“(11) – (THIS IS) 0A – ROGER – OUT TO YOU – 13 – THIS IS 0A – Did you receive the message from 11 – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

49. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE - THROUGH ME
NCS concludes communication with 11 and takes responsibility for getting message through.
NCS transmits:
“(11) – (THIS IS) 0A – ROGER – OUT TO YOU – 13 – THIS IS 0A – Did you receive the message from 11 – OVER”
13 replies:
“(0A) – (THIS IS) – 13 – NO – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

50. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE - THROUGH ME
NCS concludes communication with 11 and takes responsibility for getting message through.
NCS transmits:
“(11) – (THIS IS) 0A – ROGER – OUT TO YOU – 13 – THIS IS 0A – Did you receive the message from 11 – OVER”
13 replies:
“(0A) – (THIS IS) – 13 – NO – OVER”
NCS then passes on the message to 13:
“(13) – (THIS IS) 0A – FROM 11 – Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE –OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

51. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE - THROUGH ME
NCS concludes communication with 11 and takes responsibility for getting message through.
NCS transmits:
“(11) – (THIS IS) 0A – ROGER – OUT TO YOU – 13 – THIS IS 0A – Did you receive the message from 11 – OVER”
13 replies:
“(0A) – (THIS IS) – 13 – NO – OVER”
NCS then passes on the message to 13:
“(13) – (THIS IS) 0A – FROM 11 – Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE –OVER”
13 gives receipt: “(0A) – (THIS IS) 13 – (ROGER) – OUT”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

52. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE - THROUGH ME
NCS concludes communication with 11 and takes responsibility for getting message through.
NCS transmits:
“(11) – (THIS IS) 0A – ROGER – OUT TO YOU – 13 – THIS IS 0A – Did you receive the message from 11 – OVER”
13 replies:
“(0A) – (THIS IS) – 13 – NO – OVER”
NCS then passes on the message to 13:
“(13) – (THIS IS) 0A – FROM 11 – Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE –OVER”
13 gives receipt: “(0A) – (THIS IS) 13 – (ROGER) – OUT”
0A ends: “(13) – (THIS IS) 0A – OUT”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

53. EXAMPLE – RELAY THROUGH
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

54. EXAMPLE – RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET 11 13 0A 12
Net comprises NCS (0A), 11, 12, 13
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

55. EXAMPLE – RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET 11 13 0A
At first all stations can hear each other, but in 12
this example it
is found that 11 and 12 cannot hear each other
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

56. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
11 calls:
“12 – THIS IS 11 – (MESSAGE) – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

57. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
11 calls:
“12 – THIS IS 11 – (MESSAGE) – OVER”
As it is a DIRECTED NET, NCS answers:
“(11) – THIS IS 0A – SEND YOUR MESSAGE – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

58. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
11 calls:
“12 – THIS IS 11 – (MESSAGE) – OVER”
As it is a DIRECTED NET, NCS answers:
“(11) – THIS IS 0A – SEND YOUR MESSAGE – OVER”
11 attempts to send message to 12:
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

59. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
11 calls:
“12 – THIS IS 11 – (MESSAGE) – OVER”
As this is a DIRECTED NET, NCS answers:
“(11) – THIS IS 0A – SEND YOUR MESSAGE – OVER”
11 attempts to send message to 12:
[There is no reply from 12.]
11 again attempts to contact 12:
“12 – THIS IS 11 – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

60. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
11 calls:
“12 – THIS IS 11 – (MESSAGE) – OVER”
As this is a DIRECTED NET, NCS answers:
“(11) – THIS IS 0A – SEND YOUR MESSAGE – OVER”
11 attempts to send message to 12:
[There is no reply from 12.]
11 again attempts to contact 12:
“12 – THIS IS 11 – OVER”
[Still no reply from 12.]
NCS directs that call be relayed through another station.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

61. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
NCS directs 11 to relay through 13:
“11 – THIS IS 0A – RELAY THROUGH 13 – OUT”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

62. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
NCS directs 11 to relay through 13:
“11 – THIS IS 0A – RELAY THROUGH 13 – OUT”
11 complies, and transmits:
“13 – THIS IS 11 – RELAY TO 12 – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

63. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
NCS directs 11 to relay through 13:
“11 – THIS IS 0A – RELAY THROUGH 13 – OUT”
11 complies, and transmits:
“13 – THIS IS 11 – RELAY TO 12 – OVER”
13 checks that it can communicate with 12:
“(11) – (THIS IS) 13 – (ROGER) – OUT TO YOU – 12 – THIS IS 13 – MESSAGE – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

64. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
NCS directs 11 to relay through 13:
“11 – THIS IS 0A – RELAY THROUGH 13 – OUT”
11 complies, and transmits:
“13 – THIS IS 11 – RELAY TO 12 – OVER”
13 checks that it can communicate with 12:
“(11) – (THIS IS) 13 – (ROGER) – OUT TO YOU – 12 – THIS IS 13 – MESSAGE – OVER”
12 asks 13 to send message:
“(13) – (THIS IS) 12 – (SEND) – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

65. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
NCS directs 11 to relay through 13:
“11 – THIS IS 0A – RELAY THROUGH 13 – OUT”
11 complies, and transmits:
“13 – THIS IS 11 – RELAY TO 12 – OVER”
13 checks that it can communicate with 12:
“(11) – (THIS IS) 13 – (ROGER) – OUT TO YOU – 12 – THIS IS 13 – MESSAGE – OVER”
12 asks 13 to send message:
“(13) – (THIS IS) 12 – (SEND) – OVER”
Having established communications with 13, 12 tells 13 to wait, and asks 11 to provide the message:
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

66. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
“(12) – (THIS IS) (13) – WAIT – OUT TO YOU – 11 – THIS IS 13 – SEND – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

67. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
“(12) – (THIS IS) (13) – WAIT – OUT TO YOU – 11 – THIS IS 13 – SEND – OVER”
11 replies, giving message to 13:
“(13) – (THIS IS) (11) – RELAY TO 12 – Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

68. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
“(12) – (THIS IS) (13) – WAIT – OUT TO YOU – 11 – THIS IS 13 – SEND – OVER”
11 replies, giving message to 13:
“(13) – (THIS IS) (11) – RELAY TO 12 – Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE – OVER”
13 acknowledges the message then relays it to 12:
“(11) – (THIS IS) (13) – (ROGER) – OUT TO YOU – 12 – THIS IS 13 – FROM 11 – Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

69. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
“(12) – (THIS IS) (13) – WAIT – OUT TO YOU – 11 – THIS IS 13 – SEND – OVER”
11 replies, giving message to 13:
“(13) – (THIS IS) (11) – RELAY TO 12 – Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE – OVER”
13 acknowledges the message then relays it to 12:
“(11) – (THIS IS) (13) – (ROGER) – OUT TO YOU – 12 – THIS IS 13 – FROM 11 – Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE – OVER”
12 acknowledges receipt of message:
“(13) – (THIS IS) (12) – (ROGER) – OUT”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

70. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RELAY THROUGH
DIRECTED NET
“(12) – (THIS IS) (13) – WAIT – OUT TO YOU – 11 – THIS IS 13 – SEND – OVER”
11 replies, giving message to 13:
“(13) – (THIS IS) (11) – RELAY TO 12 – Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE – OVER”
13 acknowledges the message then relays it to 12:
“(11) – (THIS IS) (13) – (ROGER) – OUT TO YOU – 12 – THIS IS 13 – FROM 11 – Have reached checkpoint BIG APPLE – OVER”
12 acknowledges receipt of message:
“(13) – (THIS IS) (12) – (ROGER) – OVER”
13 ends: “(12) – (THIS IS) (13) – OUT”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

71. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
2. Mission.
DELEGATING,
ASSUMING
and
RESUMING
CONTROL
Needs to be brief and to the point.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

72. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

73. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS may need to delegate control of net to a
substation or to an alternative HQ station when:
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

74. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS may need to delegate control of net to a
substation or to an alternative HQ station when:
effective control cannot be maintained by NCS
(eg technical difficulties), or
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

75. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS may need to delegate control of net to a
substation or to an alternative HQ station when:
effective control cannot be maintained by NCS
(eg technical difficulties), or
NCS has to leave net for any reason.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

76. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS may need to delegate control of net to a
substation or to an alternative HQ station when:
effective control cannot be maintained by NCS
(eg technical difficulties), or
NCS has to leave net for any reason.
NCS uses the proword ASSUME CONTROL when
delegating control.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

77. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS may need to delegate control of net to a
substation or to an alternative HQ station when:
effective control cannot be maintained by NCS
(eg technical difficulties), or
NCS has to leave net for any reason.
NCS uses the proword ASSUME CONTROL when
delegating control.
New acting NCS then asks all stations for RADIO
CHECK, using callsign ‘Zero’ for this and all
subsequent transmissions.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

78. DELEGATING CONTROL NCS may need to delegate control of net to a
substation or to an alternative HQ station when:
effective control cannot be maintained by NCS
(eg technical difficulties), or
NCS has to leave net for any reason.
NCS uses the proword ASSUME CONTROL when
delegating control.
New acting NCS then asks all stations for RADIO
CHECK, using callsign ‘Zero’ for this and all
subsequent transmissions.
Original NCS still answers with callsign ‘Zero Alfa’.

79. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EXAMPLE –
DELEGATING CONTROL
Net comprises
NCS (0A), 10, 11, 12 and 13
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

80. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL 10 12 0A 11 13
Net callsign is XQ
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

81. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS has to leave net for a good reason, so delegates control to substation 12.
NCS calls:
“XQ - THIS IS 0A ASSUME CONTROL - OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

82. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS has to leave net for a good reason, so delegates control to substation 12.
NCS calls:
“XQ - THIS IS 0A ASSUME CONTROL - OVER”
All stations answer in correct answering order:
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

83. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS has to leave net for a good reason, so delegates control to substation 12.
NCS calls:
“XQ - THIS IS 0A ASSUME CONTROL - OVER”
All stations answer in correct answering order:
10 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 10 – ROGER –OVER’
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

84. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS has to leave net for a good reason, so delegates control to substation 12.
NCS calls:
“XQ - THIS IS 0A ASSUME CONTROL - OVER”
All stations answer in correct answering order:
10 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 10 – ROGER –OVER’
11 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 11 – ROGER –OVER’
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

85. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS has to leave net for a good reason, so delegates control to substation 12.
NCS calls:
“XQ - THIS IS 0A ASSUME CONTROL - OVER”
All stations answer in correct answering order:
10 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 10 – ROGER –OVER’
11 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 11 – ROGER –OVER’
Station assuming control – 12 – uses proword WILCO to confirm that it has understood and will comply:
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

86. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS has to leave net for a good reason, so delegates control to substation 12.
NCS calls:
“XQ - THIS IS 0A ASSUME CONTROL - OVER”
All stations answer in correct answering order:
10 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 10 – ROGER –OVER’
11 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 11 – ROGER –OVER’
Station assuming control – 12 – uses proword WILCO to confirm that it has understood and will comply:
12 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 12 – WILCO –OVER’
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

87. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS has to leave net for a good reason, so delegates control to substation 12.
NCS calls:
“XQ - THIS IS 0A ASSUME CONTROL - OVER”
All stations answer in correct answering order:
10 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 10 – ROGER –OVER’
11 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 11 – ROGER –OVER’
Station assuming control – 12 – uses proword WILCO to confirm that it has understood and will comply:
12 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 12 – WILCO –OVER’
13 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 13 – ROGER –OVER’
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

88. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
DELEGATING CONTROL
NCS has to leave net for a good reason, so delegates control to substation 12.
NCS calls:
“XQ - THIS IS 0A ASSUME CONTROL - OVER”
All stations answer in correct answering order:
10 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 10 – ROGER –OVER’
11 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 11 – ROGER –OVER’
Station assuming control – 12 – uses proword WILCO to confirm that it has understood and will comply:
12 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 12 – WILCO –OVER’
13 replies: “(0A) - (THIS) 13 – ROGER –OVER’
New acting NCS (in this case, 12), now with callsign
‘Zero’, then asks all stations for RADIO CHECK ….etc
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

89. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
ASSUMING CONTROL
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

90. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
ASSUMING CONTROL
If NCS unable to continue as NCS (eg equipment breakdown, etc), control of net reverts to:
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

91. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
ASSUMING CONTROL
If NCS unable to continue as NCS (eg equipment breakdown, etc), control of net reverts to:
another pre-arranged substation or
next most senior substation on the net.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

92. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
ASSUMING CONTROL
If NCS unable to continue as NCS (eg equipment breakdown, etc), control of net reverts to:
another pre-arranged substation or
next most senior substation on the net.
Before new NCS assumes control, it must confirm that NCS cannot be heard by other stations on net.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

93. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
ASSUMING CONTROL
If NCS unable to continue as NCS (eg equipment breakdown, etc), control of net reverts to:
another pre-arranged substation or
next most senior substation on the net.
Before new NCS assumes control, it must confirm that NCS cannot be heard by other stations on net.
If necessary senior substation may delegate control to another substation which would have more effective control of the net.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

94. ASSUMING CONTROL
If NCS unable to continue as NCS (eg equipment breakdown, etc), control of net reverts to:
another pre-arranged substation or
next most senior substation on the net.
Before new NCS assumes control, it must confirm that NCS cannot be heard by other stations on net.
If necessary senior substation may delegate control to another substation which would have more effective control of the net.
Assume control using the proword I AM ASSUMING CONTROL

95. EXAMPLE – ASSUMING CONTROL
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

96. EXAMPLE – ASSUMING CONTROL
Stations on net:
NCS (0A), 10, 11, 12, 13
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

97. EXAMPLE – ASSUMING CONTROL10 12 0A 11 13
Net callsign is XR
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

98. EXAMPLE – ASSUMING CONTROL Nothing has been heard from NCS
for some time
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

99. EXAMPLE – ASSUMING CONTROL
Substation 10 decides to
assume control of net.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

100. EXAMPLE – ASSUMING CONTROL
10 calls net:
“XR - THIS IS 10 - Have you heard anything from CALLSIGN Zero Alfa – OVER’
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

101. EXAMPLE – ASSUMING CONTROL
10 calls net:
“XR - THIS IS 10 - Have you heard anything from CALLSIGN Zero Alpha – OVER’
5 seconds pause for NCS to answer. No stations have heard from 0A.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

102. EXAMPLE – ASSUMING CONTROL
10 calls net:
“XR - THIS IS 10 - Have you heard anything from CALLSIGN Zero Alpha – OVER’
5 seconds pause for NCS to answer. No stations have heard from 0A.
All stations answer, in turn:
‘[callsign] - NO – OVER’
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

103. EXAMPLE – ASSUMING CONTROL
10 calls net:
“XR - THIS IS 10 - Have you heard anything from CALLSIGN Zero Alpha – OVER’
5 seconds pause for NCS to answer. No stations have heard from 0A.
All stations answer, in turn:
‘[callsign] - NO – OVER’
NCS does not answer
5 seconds again pause for NCS to answer, if able – but NCS does not answer
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

104. EXAMPLE – ASSUMING CONTROL
10 transmits to net:
‘(XR) - (THIS IS) 10 - I AM ASSUMING CONTROL - OVER’
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

105. EXAMPLE – ASSUMING CONTROL
10 transmits to net:
‘(XR) - (THIS IS) 10 - I AM ASSUMING CONTROL - OVER’
In operational military nets this would be followed by self-authentication, but this is not required in AAC radio nets.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

106. EXAMPLE – ASSUMING CONTROL
10 transmits to net:
‘(XR) - (THIS IS) 10 - I AM ASSUMING CONTROL - OVER’
In operational military nets this would be followed by self-authentication, but this is not required in AAC radio nets.
All stations reply, in turn:
‘[callsign] - (ROGER) - OUT’
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

107. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
RESUMING CONTROL
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

108. EXAMPLE – RESUMING CONTROL
0A reports into net after an absence and resumes control of net. Net callsign is XS.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

109. EXAMPLE – RESUMING CONTROL
0A reports into net after an absence and resumes control of net. Net callsign is XS.
0A calls: “XRAY SIERRA – THIS IS 0A - REPORTING INTO THE NET – I AM ASSUMING CONTROL – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

110. EXAMPLE – RESUMING CONTROL
0A reports into net after an absence and resumes control of net. Net callsign is XS.
0A calls: “XRAY SIERRA – THIS IS 0A - REPORTING INTO THE NET – I AM ASSUMING CONTROL – OVER”
In operational military nets this would be followed by self-authentication, but this is not required in AAC radio nets.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

111. EXAMPLE – RESUMING CONTROL
0A reports into net after an absence and resumes control of net. Net callsign is XS.
0A calls: “XRAY SIERRA – THIS IS 0A - REPORTING INTO THE NET – I AM ASSUMING CONTROL – OVER”
In operational military nets this would be followed by self-authentication, but this is not required in AAC radio nets.
All stations reply in turn:
“[callsign] – (ROGER) – OUT”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

112. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
READ BACK
PROCEDURE
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

113. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
READ BACK PROCEDURE
Used by sender or receiver to make sure message:
·         was correct or
·         was received correctly
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

114. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
READ BACK PROCEDURE
Used by sender or receiver to make sure message:
·         was correct or
·         was received correctly
Use proword READ BACK, then specify part concerned, e.g.:
·         READ BACK TEXT
·         READ BACK GRID, etc.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

115. READ BACK PROCEDURE Used by sender or receiver to make sure message:
·         was correct or
·         was received correctly
Use proword READ BACK, then specify part concerned, e.g.:
·         READ BACK TEXT
·         READ BACK GRID, etc.
‘READ BACK’ on its own means ‘read back complete transmission’

116. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
READ BACK PROCEDURE
Only stations directed to do so are to read back.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

117. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
READ BACK PROCEDURE
Only stations directed to do so are to read back.
In a collective or net call, it may only be necessary to require one or two stations to read back.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

118. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
READ BACK PROCEDURE
Only stations directed to do so are to read back.
In a collective or net call, it may only be necessary to require one or two stations to read back.
Remaining stations keep silent until read back is completed, then answer in order.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

119. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
READ BACK PROCEDURE
Only stations directed to do so are to read back.
In a collective or net call, it may only be necessary to require one or two stations to read back.
Remaining stations keep silent until read back is completed, then answer in order.
When reading back, use proword ‘I READ BACK’.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

120. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
READ BACK PROCEDURE
Only stations directed to do so are to read back.
In a collective or net call, it may only be necessary to require one or two stations to read back.
Remaining stations keep silent until read back is completed, then answer in order.
When reading back, use proword ‘I READ BACK’.
Sending station verifies with proword CORRECT, or if not correct, by proword WRONG.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

121. EXAMPLE – READ BACK PROCEDURE
Conversation between
NCS (0A) and 10
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

122. EXAMPLE – READ BACK PROCEDURE
NCS asks 10 to read back a grid reference which is part of the text, to ensure that it is received correctly.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

123. EXAMPLE – READ BACK PROCEDURE
NCS asks 10 to read back a grid reference which is part of the text, to ensure that it is received correctly.
NCS calls:
“10 THIS IS 0A – READ BACK checkpoint – Proceed to checkpoint BRAVO ECHO – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

124. EXAMPLE – READ BACK PROCEDURE
NCS asks 10 to read back a grid reference which is part of the text, to ensure that it is received correctly.
NCS calls:
“10 THIS IS 0A – READ BACK checkpoint – Proceed to checkpoint BRAVO ECHO – OVER”
10 replies – note it has not heard correctly:
“(0A) – (THIS IS) 10 – I READ BACK checkpoint BRAVO XRAY – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

125. EXAMPLE – READ BACK PROCEDURE
0A replies:
“(10) (THIS IS) 0A – WRONG – checkpoint BRAVO ECHO – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

126. EXAMPLE – READ BACK PROCEDURE
0A replies:
“(10) (THIS IS) 0A – WRONG – checkpoint BRAVO ECHO – OVER”
10 replies again:
“(0A) – (THIS IS) 10 – I READ BACK checkpoint BRAVO ECHO – OVER”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

127. EXAMPLE – READ BACK PROCEDURE
0A replies:
“(10) (THIS IS) 0A – WRONG – checkpoint BRAVO ECHO – OVER”
10 replies again:
“(0A) – (THIS IS) 10 – I READ BACK checkpoint BRAVO ECHO – OVER”
0A verifies:
“(10) – (THIS IS) 0A – CORRECT – OUT”
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

128. IMPOSING, LIFTING AND BREAKING RADIO SILENCE
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

129. IMPOSING, LIFTING AND BREAKING RADIO SILENCE
Commander may impose radio silence on a net for technical or other reasons.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

130. IMPOSING, LIFTING AND BREAKING RADIO SILENCE
Commander may impose radio silence on a net for technical or other reasons.
Only NCS may order the imposing of radio silence by quoting a pre-arranged nickname.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

131. IMPOSING, LIFTING AND BREAKING RADIO SILENCE
Commander may impose radio silence on a net for technical or other reasons.
Only NCS may order the imposing of radio silence by
quoting a pre-arranged nickname.
If such orders are given by NCS, transmission is authenticated by use of pre-arranged restricted
nicknames, which mean:
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

132. IMPOSING, LIFTING AND BREAKING RADIO SILENCE
Commander may impose radio silence on a net for technical or other reasons.
Only NCS may order the imposing of radio silence by
quoting a pre-arranged nickname.
If such orders are given by NCS, transmission is authenticated by use of pre-arranged restricted
nicknames, which mean:
·     IMPOSE RADIO SILENCE,
·     LIFT RADIO SILENCE or
·     BREAK RADIO SILENCE.

133. IMPOSING, LIFTING AND BREAKING RADIO SILENCE
These nicknames are short-term nicknames which will be changed at pre-arranged times.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

134. IMPOSING, LIFTING AND BREAKING RADIO SILENCE
These nicknames are short-term nicknames which will be changed at pre-arranged times.
A station which is NOT NCS may break radio silence only in emergency, using a pre-arranged nickname.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

135. IMPOSING, LIFTING AND BREAKING RADIO SILENCE
These nicknames are short-term nicknames which will be changed at pre-arranged times.
A station which is NOT NCS may break radio silence
only in emergency, using a pre-arranged nickname.
The only other authority for lifting or breaking radio silence is an authentication code.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

136. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EMERGENCY SILENCE
Emergency silence is imposed for:
·         transmission security, or
·         technical reasons, or
·         emergency
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

137. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EMERGENCY SILENCE
Emergency silence is imposed for:
·         transmission security, or
·         technical reasons, or
·         emergency
All radio sets remain on listening watch
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

138. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EMERGENCY SILENCE
Emergency silence is imposed for:
·         transmission security, or
·         technical reasons, or
·         emergency
All radio sets remain on listening watch
Emergency silence is imposed or lifted only by a
person authorised by SOIs.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

139. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EMERGENCY SILENCE
Emergency silence is imposed for:
·         transmission security, or
·         technical reasons, or
·         emergency
All radio sets remain on listening watch
Emergency silence is imposed or lifted only by a
person authorised by SOIs.
Only NCS may give the order to impose emergency silence, using prowords ‘SILENCE, SILENCE, SILENCE’,
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

140. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EMERGENCY SILENCE
Emergency silence is imposed for:
·         transmission security, or
·         technical reasons, or
·         emergency
All radio sets remain on listening watch
Emergency silence is imposed or lifted only by a
person authorised by SOIs.
Only NCS may give the order to impose emergency silence, using prowords ‘SILENCE, SILENCE, SILENCE’, meaning ‘Cease transmission on this net immediately – silence is to be maintained until lifted’.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

141. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EMERGENCY SILENCE
Transmission imposing emergency silence is made
twice and ends with proword OUT.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

142. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EMERGENCY SILENCE
Transmission imposing emergency silence is made
twice and ends with proword OUT.
Transmissions which impose lifting or breaking radio silence must always be authenticated.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

143. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EMERGENCY SILENCE .
Stations DO NOT answer or give a receipt for such a transmission, except where it is not authenticated (due to non-availability for some reason), in which case:
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

144. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EMERGENCY SILENCE .
Stations DO NOT answer or give a receipt for such a transmission, except where it is not authenticated (due to non-availability for some reason), in which case:
·    either senior sub-station challenges NCS with an
authentication challenge, OR
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

145. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
EMERGENCY SILENCE
Stations DO NOT answer or give a receipt for such a transmission, except where it is not authenticated (due to non-availability for some reason), in which case:
·    either senior sub-station challenges NCS with an
authentication challenge, OR
·    authentication is achieved by use of pre-arranged
code-word.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

146. CHANGING THE OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

147. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
Frequency change may be made for security or
technical reasons.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

148. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
Frequency change may be made for security or
technical reasons.
Only NCS may order change to designated frequency
being used by net.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

149. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
Frequency change may be made for security or technical
reasons.
Only NCS may order change to designated frequency
being used by net.
This is done by using the pre-arranged nickname or
frequency.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

150. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
Frequency change may be made for security or technical
reasons.
Only NCS may order change to designated frequency
being used by net.
This is done by using the pre-arranged nickname or
frequency.
Nickname means:
·   CHANGE TO ALTERNATE FREQUENCY, or
·   CHANGE TO PRIMARY FREQUENCY.
but these words are not used, only nicknames
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

151. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
BEFORE CHANGING THE NET TO
THE NEW FREQUENCY:
·  sub-stations must read back pre-arranged nickname,
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

152. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
BEFORE CHANGING THE NET TO
THE NEW FREQUENCY:
·   sub-stations must read back pre-arranged nickname
·   NCS must transmit again, saying nickname again (as
executive order to enforce frequency change), and
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

153. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
BEFORE CHANGING THE NET TO
THE NEW FREQUENCY:
·   sub-stations must read back pre-arranged nickname, &
·   NCS must transmit again, saying nickname again (as
executive order to enforce frequency change), and
·   NCS may order one sub-station to new frequency to
ensure it is workable.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

154. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
FREQUENCIES ARE NOT TO BE TRANSMITTED IN CLEAR, EXCEPT:
·    under emergency circumstances,
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

155. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
FREQUENCIES ARE NOT TO BE TRANSMITTED IN CLEAR, EXCEPT:
·    under emergency circumstances,
·  when all other available methods (including written
messages) have been considered),
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

156. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
FREQUENCIES ARE NOT TO BE TRANSMITTED IN CLEAR, EXCEPT:
·    under emergency circumstances,
·  when all other available methods (including written
messages) have been considered),
·   if absolutely necessary, when enforcing emergency
silence,
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

157. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
FREQUENCIES ARE NOT TO BE TRANSMITTED IN CLEAR, EXCEPT:
·    under emergency circumstances,
·  when all other available methods (including written
messages) have been considered),
·   if absolutely necessary, when enforcing emergency
silence,
·   when frequencies are being changed daily and no
nicknames or frequency designators have been
allocated.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

158. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
SHOULD CONTACT BE LOST WITH ONE OR MORE SUB-STATIONS DURING (OR AFTER) FREQUENCY CHANGE PROCEDURE:
NCS – or delegated sub-station – is to revert to old
frequency and try to re-establish communications with
‘lost’ stations.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

159. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
SHOULD CONTACT BE LOST WITH ONE OR MORE SUB-STATIONS DURING (OR AFTER) FREQUENCY CHANGE PROCEDURE:
NCS – or delegated sub-station – is to revert to old
frequency and try to re-establish communications with
‘lost’ stations.
‘Lost’ stations should try to re-establish comms.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

160. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
SHOULD CONTACT BE LOST WITH ONE OR MORE SUB-STATIONS DURING (OR AFTER) FREQUENCY CHANGE PROCEDURE:
NCS – or delegated sub-station – is to revert to old
frequency and try to re-establish communications with
‘lost’ stations.
‘Lost’ stations should try to re-establish comms.
If contact re-established, order to change frequency is
tried again.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

161. CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY OF A RADIO NET
SHOULD CONTACT BE LOST WITH ONE OR MORE SUB-STATIONS DURING (OR AFTER) FREQUENCY CHANGE PROCEDURE:
NCS – or delegated sub-station – is to revert to old
frequency and try to re-establish communications with
‘lost’ stations.
‘Lost’ stations should try to re-establish comms.
If contact re-established, order to change frequency is
tried again.
If this fails, NCS’ supervisor will decide on further
action.
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011

162. © LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011
QUESTIONS????
© LTCOL G. Newman– Martin 2011