1. Korean War

2. Japan’s Control in Korea Ends
Japanese attempts to turn Korea into part of Japan were ended in 1945 when they surrendered to the allies
In September, after the Japanese surrender and the war ended Russia and the USA had agreed that Korea would be divided into two zones.

3. Who:  South Korea (non-communist) vs. North Korea (Communist)
What:  The North invaded the South
When:  June 25, 1950-July 1953
Where:  Korean peninsula
Why:  By product of the Cold War
The global, political, and diplomatic struggle between the communist and non-communist systems following WWII

4. II. Why did North Korea attack South Korea?
A.  North attacked South Korea without the total approval of the Soviet Union or the Republic of China.  However, Kim Il Sung did get Stalin's approval.  Then there are theories that Kim Il Sung was hungry for power-so he wanted to do this.
B.  Kim Il Sung thought that he would be welcomed by many South Koreans as a liberator and a uniter of the two Koreas.

5. III. How did the war start?
A.  North Korean army equipped by the Soviet Union crossed the 38th parallel and invaded South Korea on June 25, 4 a.m.
B.  U.S. responded by sending supplies to Korea
C.  Military sanctions were called against North Korea from the U.S.
D.  Three days later Harry S. Truman ordered combat forces from Japan deployed to Korea.
E.  Douglas MacArthur was the U.S. commander.

6. IV.  The Korean War
The North Koreans captured Seoul (Capital of South Korea) and pushed back Americans and South Koreans to Pusan (2nd Largest city in S. Korea)
 Sept 15, General MacArthur launched a brilliant amphibious invasion behind enemy lines.  Striking at the port city of Inchon on South Korea's west coast and the UN forces broke out of the Pusan perimeter.  The North Koreans were forced out of the 38th parallel.

7. V.  The Korean War (Part 2)
President Harry S. Truman orders the U.N. forces to cross the 38th parallel and push the enemy above the Yalu River.
Oct. 7th, U.N. forces capture Pyong Yang (capital of North Korea)  The Chinese warned the U.S. not to tangle with them by going too close to the border.
The U.S. didn't listen, so the Chinese sent volunteers
Nov. 26, the Communist cut the escape route of 40,000 U.S. soldiers and marines in northeastern Korea.  They fought their way out and were later evacuated from the port of Hungnam ni.
Dec. 5  The Communist reoccupied Pyong Yang and went back to South Korea and recaptured Seoul on Jan. 4, 1951.
Jan. 15.  The Communist were stopped due to vastly inferior firepower.

8. VI. Truman re-evaluates his objective
He doesn't want to get into a war with China and the Soviet Union.
Truman returns to his original goal of stopping Communist aggression in Korea.

9. VII. The Troops A. U.S. troops strength remained at 260,000
35,000 from other nations
Republic of Korea 340,000
Communists 500, ,000
C.  Air Power played a key role in the war.  First battlefield for the supersonic jet aircraft.

10. VIII.  Cease-fire
A.  June 1951, the Soviet delegate to the U.N. formally proposed a cease fire.
B.  July 10, 1951, U.N. and Communist Commands began truce talks in Kaesong, North Korea.

11. IX. Truce Talks A. Atmosphere of mutual suspicion B. One major issue
-Communist refusal to accept the principle adhered to by the U.N. that a prisoner of war should not be returned against his will to his responsible army.
C. Agreed to a 90 day period where you could persuade your national to go home.

12. X. July 1953 A. Truce agreement signed at Panmunjoin
B.  Death and casualties suffered:
U.S ,530 casualties 33,629 deaths
South Korea - 1,312,836 casualties 415,004 deaths
Communists – estimated over 2 million