1. How our Solar System was formed.
The Big Bang
How our Solar System was formed.

2. How big are you?

3. Now How Big?

4. And Now…?

5. Sun vs. Earth Sun=1 million Earths
If Earth was a golf ball, Sun would be 15 ft in diameter
960, 000 golf balls could fit in it, enough to fill a school bus

6. Betelguese

7. Earth vs. Betelgeuse
IF Earth a golf ball, it would be 6 Empire State buildings
Enough golf balls to fill Superdome 3,000 times

8. Canis Majoris

9. Earth vs. Canis Majoris If Earth a golf ball=Mt. Everest
Mt. Everest rises 6 miles above sea level
Fit 7 quadrillion Earth’s into Canis Majoris
Fill Texas with golf balls 22 inches deep

10. What is a quadrillion? 1 million seconds ago=12 days ago
1 billion seconds ago=May, 1975
1 trillion seconds ago=29,700 B.C.
1 quadrillion seconds ago=30, 800,000 years ago
Remember: 7 quadrillion Earth’s fit inside Canis Majoris (Dog Star)

11. What is the Big Bang?
A Big event 20 billion years ago that started the universe.
In the first second, gravity and other forces are formed.
In 3 minutes: 98% of the matter that will ever be has been produced.
300,000 years: electrons and protons form atoms.

12. After 1 billion years, gravity causes Hydrogen and Helium to form.
These elements form galaxies and stars.
When these first stars die, they implode.
This forms enough heat to make the heavier elements.
THERE WAS NO SPACE BEFORE THIS!

13. Clouds of gas and dust would form spinning disk.

14. Implode
Heavier Elements
Solar System is born!

15. Our Solar System
Gas in the center becomes hot and dense enough for nuclear fusion (burning hydrogen into helium) to begin.
This made the Sun.
As it condensed, it spun faster, slinging heavier elements and gas outward.
Heavier elements cooled first, making terrestrial planets.
Next, gases cooled, forming Gas Giants

16. All objects revolve around the Sun.
The Solar System
All objects revolve around the Sun.
8 planets, 4 dwarf planets.

17. The Earth have a gravitational pull of its own.

18. How do we know?
Edwin Hubble used the red shift of stars called: Doppler Shift.
Hubble’s Law: the farther something was from Earth, the faster away it was moving.
Let’s see how that would work.

19. What is a Light year Light travels 186,000 miles per second
Drive non-stop to sun at 60 mph: 180 years
Speed of light: 8 minutes
Space shuttle to go 1 light year?
Shuttle travels at 5 miles per second
Take 37,200 years to go 1 light year

21. Big Bang Balloon Procedure:
Blow up your balloon to about 4 inches in diameter, do not tie end.
Take marker and make six dots, scatter them on balloon. Label one home and the others A,B,C,D,E.
Measure and record how far away they are with the string. Put measurements in the data table.
Blow up balloon another 2 inches (to 6”). Measure and record the distances.
Repeat three more times.
Answer the questions on your lab sheet.

22. Analysis
How did the distance from the home dot to each of the other dots (galaxies) change each time you inflated the balloon?
Did the galaxies near home or those farther away appear to move the greatest distance?
How do you think that Hubble's Law: (the farther something is from Earth, the faster it seemed to be moving away), helped explain the Big Bang Theory?