1. Cell Theory
Cilia

2. Cell Theory All organisms are made of one or more cells.
A cell is the smallest unit of life, that carries out all 6 life processes.
All cells come from other cells.
Cilia

3. Cell Structures and Function
Cells contain specialized structures that carry out the 6 life processes.
These structures are called organelles.
Most cells have the same basic organelles:
cell membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus
nuclear envelope (membrane)
Two general types of cells: animal cell
plant cell

4. How are cells like an egg?
cell membrane
Analogy: shell =
egg white = yolk =
yolk sac =
cytoplasm
nucleus
nuclear envelope

5. Animal Cell

6. Plant Cell

7. Plasma membrane
Function: controls what enters and leaves the cell; protection; shape
Animal
Plant  

8. Cytoplasm
Function: jelly-like fluid that fills the cell and supports the organelles; shape
Animal
Plant  

9. Nucleus
Function: controls the cell like a brain; contains chromosomes (DNA)
Animal
Plant  

10. Nuclear envelope (membrane)
Function: controls what enters and leaves the nucleus
Animal
Plant  

11. Mitochondria
Function: changes chemicals into energy; “powerhouse” of the cell
Animal
Plant  

12. Function: makes proteins for the cell Animal Plant
Ribosomes
Function: makes proteins for the cell
Animal
Plant  

13. Endoplasmic reticulum
Function: tube-like transport system; “subway” of the cell; smooth and rough
Animal
Plant  

14. Golgi apparatus
Function: packages and sends out proteins; “UPS” of the cell
Animal
Plant  

15. Vacuole
Function: stores water, food, and waste for the cell; much larger in plant cells
Animal
Plant  

16. Cell wall
Function: surrounds the cell membrane of the plant cell; provides support and shape
Animal
Plant NO 

17. Chloroplast
Function: turns light energy into chemical energy in a plant cell
Animal
Plant NO 

18. Lysosome
Function: stores digestive enzymes for the cell to break down food
Animal
Plant  

19. Function: aides in cell division in animal cells Animal Plant
Centrioles
Function: aides in cell division in animal cells
Animal
Plant  NO