1. Cell Structure and Function
Chapter 3
Cell Structure and Function

2. Cell Theory Cell Theory states: All organisms are made of cells
All existing cells are produced by other living cells
The cell is the most basic unit of life

3. Contributors to Cell Theory
Robert Hooke (1665) noticed sliced cork had cells when viewed under a microscope
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1674) perfected the microscope and examined pond water
Matthias Schleiden (1838) was the first to note that plants are made of cells
Theodor Schwann (1839) concluded that all living things are made of cells
Rudolf Virchow (1855) proposed that all cells come from other cells

4. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic cells lack a defined nucleus
Eukaryotic cells have evolved to include complex structures like mitochondria

5. Cells are Composed of…
Cytoplasm – a jellylike substance that contains dissolved macromolecules and other minerals
Organelles – structures specialized to perform distinct processes inside a cell, such as make energy, process proteins and house DNA
Cytoskeleton – a network of structural proteins that is constantly changing to meet the need of the cell

7. Cell Membrane
Forms a boundary between the cell and the outside environment
Controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell
Consists of a double layer of phospholipids interspersed with a variety of other assistive molecules, like transport proteins

9. Cell Membrane

10. Diffusion and Osmosis

11. Active Transport

12. Endocytosis and Exocytosis