1. L.16.17
Compare and contrast Mitosis and Meiosis and relate to the processes of sexual and asexual reproduction and their consequences for genetic variation.

2. Bellringer
Mitosis and Meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction. Which of the following describes an event that occurs in/from mitosis but NOT meiosis? A. Two stages of cell division B. Replication of cellular genetic material C. Daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell D. Crossing over to increase genetic recombination

3. Mitosis vs Meiosis property comparison
Left Side
Right Side
Guided Notes (Note: when copying reduce size to 67% to fit in composition books; students can staple/tape it in landscape format)
Mitosis vs Meiosis property comparison

4. Why do cells divide? Two Reasons: Growth of the organism
In order for organisms to grow, body cells either have to increase their size or divide.
Replacement of damaged or dying cells

5. Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Mitosis and meiosis both result in the division of existing cells into new ones. However, the PROCESS and the PRODUCTS are different.
The reason for these differences lies in the differences in the types of cells that each process creates.

6. Mitosis
In single-cell organisms, mitosis is the only form of cellular reproduction.
One cell division in mitosis yields two genetically identical cells.
In bacteria, this process results in an entirely new, independent organism.

7. Mitosis
In multi-cellular organisms, like ourselves, mitosis only occurs in somatic (body) cells, which are all cells in an organism excluding germ cells.

8. Mitosis
Cells that undergo mitosis duplicate their chromosomes in interphase, and then divide the nucleus.
The result is two cells that have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

9. Differences between Mitosis & Meiosis
Mitosis involves one cell division - Meiosis involves two cell divisions.
Mitosis is asexual reproduction - Meiosis assists in sexual reproduction.
Mitosis leads to the production of genetically identical somatic cells - Meiosis leads to the production of genetically unique germ cells, which are cells that give rise to gametes (sex cells).

10. Somatic cells vs. Germ cells
Somatic cells are diploid - they have two copies of each chromosome.
Germ cells are haploid - they have one copy of each chromosome.

11. Meiosis There are two different gametes (sex cells): sperm and eggs.
In order to reproduce sexually, a sperm cell needs to activate an egg cell by joining it in a fertilization process.
When these two haploid cells unite, a diploid cell results. This specialized cell can then develop into a new individual.

12. Meiosis
These cells contain homologous pairs of chromosomes--one set from the father and one set from the mother. Crossing over of these chromosomes happens in Prophase I and allows for genetic recombination to occur.

13. We Do
Complete the Mitosis vs Meiosis comparison table with your partner.
Property
Mitosis
Meiosis
DNA Replication
Number of divisions
Synapsis of homologous chromosomes
Number of daughter composition
Role in the animal body

14. You Do Questions
The following questions can be projected when an instructor reaches the “You Do” or an instructor can use the handout.

15. Re-Try
Mitosis and Meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction. Which of the following describes an event that occurs in/from mitosis but NOT meiosis? A. Two stages of cell division B. Replication of cellular genetic material C. Daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell D. Crossing over to increase genetic recombination

16. Re-Try
Mitosis and Meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction. Which of the following describes an event that occurs in/from mitosis but NOT meiosis? A. Two stages of cell division B. Replication of cellular genetic material C. Daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell D. Crossing over to increase genetic recombination

17. YOU DO
Human Biology is an interdisciplinary area of study that examines humans through the influences and interplay of many diverse fields. Human cells go through both of the processes illustrated in diagram A and B. Which of following sentences below correctly describes the diagrams?
Diagram A represents mitosis and results in the creation of sperm or eggs
Diagram B represents meiosis and results in the creation of sperm or eggs
Diagram B represents meiosis and results in the creation of identical cells
Diagram A represents meiosis and results in the creation of identical cells
Answer: A

18. Meiosis and mitosis are both involved in the processes of cell growth and division. They have similarities but also have differences. How is meiosis different from mitosis?
Meiosis produces four identical daughter cells and mitosis produces two daughter cells.
Meiosis produces two identical daughter cells and mitosis produces four daughter cells.
Meiosis produces cells with half the original chromosome number and mitosis produces cells with the original chromosome number.
Meiosis produces nuclei that are genetically identical and mitosis produces nuclei that are genetically different.
Answer: C

19. Fertilization would result in the formation of two identical cells.
Imagine that sex cells divided by mitosis instead of meiosis. What would then be the result of fertilization of an ovum by a sperm cell?
Fertilization would result in the formation of two identical cells.
The new individual would be identical to only one of the parents.
Fertilization would cause crossing-over and recombination of genes.
Cells of the new individual would have double the necessary number of chromosomes.
Answer: D