1. Electric Charge and Static Electricity

2. What is electric charge?
Electric charge is a property that causes subatomic particles such as protons and electrons to attract or repel each other.

3. How are electric charges formed?
Electric charges are formed by moving electrons between atoms.
Gaining electrons gives a negative charge.
Losing electrons gives a positive charge.

4. Behavior of electric forces:
Like forces repel each other.
Positive repels positive
Negative repels negative.
Opposite charges attract.
Positive attracts negative.

5. Factors that affect electric forces and fields
Strength of charge
The stronger the charge, the stronger the force and field.
Distance between charges
The farther apart the charges, the weaker the force and field.

6. What is static electricity?
Static electricity is the study of the behavior of electric charges.

7. Ways to charge objects Three ways to charge objects:
Charging by friction
Charging by contact
Charging by induction

8. Charging by friction
When two objects rub together, electrons can be transferred from one object to the other.
The two objects are attracted to each other since objects get opposite charges.

9. Charging by friction diagram:

10. Charging by contact
When a charged object touches a neutral object, the charge can flow to the neutral object.
The charged objects will repel each other.

11. Charging by contact diagram

12. Charging by induction
When a charged object is moved near neutral object, the charges that are attracted in the neutral object move closer to the charged object.

13. Charging by induction diagram