1. Cell-Cell Signaling

3. Neurotransmitters

5. Ligand-Gated Na+ Channel
Post-synaptic
membrane

6. Target Cell

7. Signal Transduction Pathway of Target Cell

8. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-MAP Kinase Pathway

9. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) Activation
(GEF)
(RTK)

10. RTKs Bound to Signal Molecule

11. Activation of Ras Protein
Kinase Cascade
(GEF)

12. Kinase Cascade
(MKKK)
(MKK)
Target Proteins

14. Tumor
Progression
Pg. 729

15. Colonize
New Tissues
Pg. 727

16. Tumor Growth
Pg. 736

17. Normal Ras and Oncogenic Ras

18. Post-Translational Modfication of Ras
FTase

19. Therapy for “Ras-Positive” Tumors
FTase Inhibitors
FTase

20. Pathways Disrupted in Cancer Cells

21. Signal Transduction Pathways and Cell Differentiation
Stem Cell
Specialized cell type
(neuron, skin cell, red blood cell, etc.)

22. Blood Cell Formation

23. Red Blood Cell Development

24. EPO
Synthesis of proteins that
stimulate Red Blood Cell development

25. Negative Regulation of JAK/STAT Pathway

26. Seven-Pass Receptors Cell Types Adrenaline Glucogon TSH, LH
Heart muscle
Skeletal muscle
Thyroid
Ovary
Kidney
Intestinal epithelia
Contraction
Glycogen breakdown
Hormone secretion
Water retention
Ion transport
Pg. 546

27. Activation of Galpha Subunit

28. Synthesis of cyclic AMP
Adenylyl Cyclase
ATP
cyclic AMP
Pg. 550

29. Targets
Ion Channels
Transcription Factors
Enzymes

30. Cholera Toxin
G.I. Tract
G∂ “ON”

31. Cytoskeletal Structures
Intermediate
filaments
Actin
Microtubules
Chapter 17

32. Tubulin Dimer
GTP
GTP

35. GFP-Tagged Centrosomes

36. Centrosome Structure

39. Microtubule “Poisons”
Colchicine
Taxol
(Autumn crocus)
(Pacific Yew)

40. Tubulin Dimer
GTP
GTP
Taxol

41. Microtubules Vesicle Transport Chromosome segregation
(mitotic spindle)
Cilia/Flagella

42. Microtubule “Motor” Proteins

44. Microtubule “Motor” Proteins

47. Actin Filaments

48. Actin Monomer

50. Arp2/3 (Actin Related Proteins)

52. Gelsolin Protein
New minus end

54. Myosin-II

55. Muscle Cell

56. Sarcomere

57. Contraction of a Sarcomere

58. Resting Muscle

59. Ca2+
Binds
Troponin C

60. Tropomyosin blocks
access to actin filament

62. Muscle Cell

65. Muscle Relaxants Baclofen Pancuronium
Inhibits Ligand-gated ion channels
Ligand for Seven-pass receptor

66. Muscle cell membrane can not be de-polarized
Pancuronium
Muscle Cell
Muscle cell membrane can not be de-polarized

67. Muscle Relaxants Baclofen Pancuronium
Inhibits Ligand-gated ion channels
Ligand for Seven-pass receptor

68. Muscle cell membrane can not be de-polarized
Baclofin
Muscle Cell
Membrane
Muscle Cell
Membrane
Muscle cell membrane can not be de-polarized

69. Cytokinesis

70. Myosin II - GFP Interphase Telophase Cytokinesis Cytokinesis

71. “Contractile Unit” in Cytokinesis
Plasma Membrane
Cytosol
Fig

72. Mitotic Cell Cycle
DNA
Replication

73. G1 S G2
M-Phase G1

75. G1 S G2
M-Phase G1

76. Binding site for
Origin Recognition Complex (ORC)
(ORC)

77. Semi-Conservative DNA Replication
(G1 Phase)
(G2 Phase)