1. Simple Organic Compounds
Section 2.9

2. Organic Chemistry Study of carbon-containing compounds
Contain C and H; often O, N, and other elements as well

3. Alkanes Compounds containing only H and C are called hydrocarbons
Basic class of hydrocarbons is the ALKANES:
Each C is bonded to 4 other atoms (either C or H)
Methane Ethane Propane Butane

4. Derivatives Alkanes
H atom of an Alkane is replaced with a functional group.
Example: Alcohols

5. Alcohols
Replace an H atom from an alkane with an –OH group
Methanol

6. Naming Alcohols Use the name of the alkane from which it is derived
Change the ending to –ol
Ethane Ethanol

7. Naming Alkanes All end in -ane
Those with 5 or more carbon atoms: prefixes are used (Table 2.6)
Ex: Alkane with 5 C- pentane
Ex: 8 C- octane (gasoline)

8. Properties of Alcohols
Very different from the alkane from which they were derived
Methane, ethane, and propane colorless gases
Methanol, ethanol, and propanol  colorless liquids

9. Foundation of Organic Compounds
Long chains of C-C bonding (alkanes and alcohols)
As C-C gets longer, a new substance/new physical properties forms
Polyethylene- alkanes with over tens of thousands of C atoms
Solid substance- plastic bags, food containers, lab equipment