1. Chapter 14 Vocabulary – 19 words – Unit 3
The Coming of War
Chapter 14 Vocabulary – 19 words – Unit 3

2. Totalitarianism
Theory of government in which a single party or leader controls the economic, social, and cultural lives of its people.

3. Benito Mussolini Founder of Italian fascism
Once appointed the premier of Italy, he worked to destroy democracy and created a dictatorship.

4. Fascism Aggressive nationalism
Believed that the nation was more important than the individual.
Individualism weakens a nation, and a strong government led by a dictator was needed for a strong, orderly society.

5. Joseph Stalin Dictator of the USSR, beginning in 1926.
Cruel, Ruthless, and tyrannical
At least 10 million people were killed under Stalin’s rule.

6. Adolf Hitler Anti-communist and Mussolini supporter
Leader of the Nazi (Nationalist-Socialist) Party
Argued that Germans were part of a superior race and that Germany needed more “lebensraum” (living space).
Took power in Germany in 1933.

7. Appeasement
The policies of giving concessions in exchange for peace.

8. Munich Pact
Agreement made between Germany, Italy, Great Britain, and France in 1938 that sacrificed the Sudetenland to preserve peace.
EXAMPLE of Appeasement!!!!!!

9. Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact
Promise between Germany and the USSR not to declare war against each other.
Also, promised to attack Poland and split it up.

10. Axis Powers
Germany, Italy, and Japan

11. Allies
Britain
France
USSR (eventually)
US (eventually)
China

12. Neutrality Acts Made it illegal to sell weapons to any nation at war.
Didn’t distinguish between aggressors and victims.

13. Cash and Carry Provision
Amended previous Neutrality Acts by stating that the US could sell weapons to warring nations if they paid cash and carried the arms on their own ships.

14. Tripartite Pact
Alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan, signed in September, 1940

15. Lend-Lease Act
Removed the cash requirement from the cash and carry provision
Made it possible for the US to lend or lease arms to any country “vital to the defense of the United States.”

16. Atlantic Charter
Committed FDR and Churchill to a post war world of democracy, non-aggression, free trade, economic advancement, and freedom of the seas.

17. Hideki Tojo
Prime Minister of Japan who was focused on Japanese expansion.
Originally sought to keep the US neutral, but later planned the attack on Pearl Harbor.

18. Pearl Harbor
US Naval base in Hawaii and site of the Japanese attack.

19. Douglas MacArthur Commander of US Army forces in Asia
When the Japanese took the Philippines, MacArthur evacuated to Australia, but pledged to return.

20. Bataan Death March
Forced march of Filipino and American prisoners up the Bataan Peninsula.
More than 7000 prisoners died.