1. Principles of Design
Chapter 17

2. Proportion
Definition: the size relationships that can be found within an object or design

3. Proportion Expressed in a ratio 2:3, 3:5, 5:8, 8:13
Most people prefer rectangles to squares
Unequal divisions of space are more appealing

4. Proportion
Use Golden Mean: division of a line anyplace between one-half and one-third of its total length

5. Proportion Examples Placing tiebacks on drapery
Size of picture over a sofa
Rug to fill a space

6. Scale
Definition: the size of an object or space as it relates to human beings and to other objects in a design

7. Scale Examples Size of lamp placed on a table
Size of furniture placed in a room
Pictures and mirrors hung at eye level

8. Balance
Definition: the amount, size, or weight of objects on both sides of a center point is equal

9. Balance Two types Symmetrical (formal)
Arrangement of forms on one side of an imaginary center line is the mirror image of the forms on the opposite side
Conveys feelings of dignity, quiet, rest, calm
Example: two upholstered chairs facing each other in front of a fireplace

10. Balance
Asymmetrical (informal) – elements on either side of an imaginary center line are unmatched, but appear to be balanced
A small dark object could balance a larger lighter colored item
Use odd number of objects

11. Rhythm
Definition: connected movement between different parts of a design created by colors, lines, forms, or textures

12. Rhythm Types of Rhythm Repetition – repeating design elements
A series of window, spindles in a stairway
Radiation – lines move outward from a center point
Chairs arranged around a round table
Gradation – gradual increase or decrease in size, color, pattern
Canisters,

13. Rhythm Opposition – lines come together to form right angles
Doorway, draperies
Transition – lines change direction by flowing in a curve
Arched doorways, curved back sofa

14. Emphasis
Definition: the center of interest or focal point of a room

15. Emphasis Examples Architectural feature Piece of furniture or picture
Collection of small objects
In the reverse, allow unwanted features to blend into the background

16. Unity
Definition: all parts of a design are related to one idea

17. Unity Examples Items of similar characteristics, but not matched
Repeating colors among the furnishings in a room or house

18. Variety
Definition: combining different styles and materials to provide interest

19. Variety
Examples
Eclectic style – mixing compatible styles furnishings